国家祀典与英雄形象——以湖南宜章黄师浩为中心的历史考察  

National Sacrificial Ceremony and Heroic Image——A Historical Investigation on Huang Shihao From Yizhang of Hunan

作　　者：任建敏[1] Ren Jianmin(Centre for Historical Anthropology and Department of History of Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou Guangdong,510275)

机构地区：[1]中山大学历史人类学研究中心、历史学系,广东广州510275

出　　处：《地方文化研究》2020年第4期74-87,共14页Local Culture Research

基　　金：广东省哲学社会科学规划项目“南汉至清代珠江三角洲佛教兴衰与社会变迁研究”(项目编号:GD18DL15)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：传统时代,大量的英雄人物被列入地方的祠祀体系。因应不同时代的国家祀典要求,神祇的英雄形象也有所变化。本文以湖南宜章地区昭德侯黄师浩为例,在清晰考证其宋代以来所获国家祀典史实的基础上,揭示黄师浩的历史形象经历了宋元时强调在祈雨上“著有灵迹”的功绩,到明代重视其本人生前的功勋及其对地方治安的庇护,到清代进一步树碑立传、丰富其生平事迹,强调其忠义形象的演变过程,从而展现在不同朝代祀典要求下,地方神祇的英雄形象及其文化象征意逐步被改造和丰富的过程。In traditional China,many heroes were listed in the local shrine worship system.In response to the requirement of national sacrificial ceremony in different dynasties,the image of the deities also changed.This paper focuses on Huang Shihao the Zhaode Hou in Yizhang of Hunan.Based on a clear examination of the historical facts of the national sacrificial ceremony obtained since the Song Dynasty,it is found that the historical image of Huang Shihao experienced the“spiritual”feat of praying for rain during the Song and Yuan.In the Ming Dynasty,Huang Shihao’s historical image focused on his meritorious service and his asylum to local public order.In the Qing Dynasty,the heroic image of Huang Shihao was enriched by established monuments,life deeds,and highlighted image of loyalty.This shows a process of the local deities’heroic images and cultural symbols being transformed and enriched under the requirements of different dynasties'sacrificial ceremony.

关 键 词：湖南宜章 昭德侯黄师浩 祀典 历史形象 

分 类 号：G122[文化科学]