一种船舶洗舱水产生量估算方法  

A Method of Estimating Amount of Ship Tank-Washings

作　　者：程大千 杨韵 王经洁 邹庆 邵丽红 CHENG Daqian;YANG Yun;WANG Jingjie;ZOU Qing;SHAO Lihong(JSTI Energy Technology Development Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210017, China;Jiangsu Transportation Industry Center for Monitoring Statistics of Energy Consumption and Emissions, Nanjing 210017, China)

机构地区：[1]江苏交科能源科技发展有限公司,南京210017 [2]江苏省交通运输行业能耗排放监测统计中心,南京210017

出　　处：《上海船舶运输科学研究所学报》2020年第4期26-33,72,共9页Journal of Shanghai Ship and Shipping Research Institute

基　　金：江苏省交通运输科技与成果转化项目(2018Y01)。

摘　　要：船舶洗舱水是当前船舶污染防治领域的研究重点,采用现行估算方法得到的船舶洗舱水产生量与实际情况相差甚远,一定程度上制约了水上洗舱站和相关公共接收设施的合理布局规划。由此,在对现行船舶洗舱水估算方法进行分析的基础上,结合洗舱需求特征分析,构建考虑船舶类型和换装艘次比例(货物相容性)等因素的船舶洗舱水产生量本构方程,以及适用于长江江苏段的估算公式,其中,洗舱水产生量与船舶换装艘次呈线性关系,船舶换装艘次与危化品船舶进港艘次呈指数关系。预测分析发现2025年长江江苏段有洗舱需求的船舶量和洗舱水产生量分别为4571艘次和335005.8 t,与《长江干线水上洗舱站布局方案》中的建设要求基本匹配;该估算方法在以年度为周期和港区以上规模范围内具有较强的适用性,但在船舶进港艘次较少的情况下,其估算结果存在较大的误差,有待进一步研究。To deploy appropriate facilities to deal with tank washings needs to know the exact amount of washings from ships.The methods used currently for estimating tank washings amount are studied and the features of washing needs are analyzed.The constitutive equation reflecting the ship type,the proportion of voyages needing to switch cargo type(cargo compatibility)is built.A formula particularly for Jiangsu section of Yangtze River is devised where the amount of ship-tank-washings is directly proportional to the times of cargo type switching,and the time of cargo type switching is exponentially related to the number of dangerous chemical ships entering port.An empirical study shows that the demand for tank washing and the amount of tank-washings in Jiangsu section of Yangtze River will reach 4571 ships and 335005.8 t respectively in year 2025.The corresponding specifications in the"Ship Washing Station Construction Plan"for that area basically match them.The method works well for estimation on year basis and for large scale ports,but relatively obvious error is found for small ports.

关 键 词：船舶洗舱水 需求特征 本构方程 长江江苏段 

分 类 号：X736.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]