选区激光熔化铝合金的组织和力学性能  

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Laser-melted Aluminum Alloy in Selected Area

作　　者：杨雪春[1] 江文俊 曹铭[1] 黄菊花[1] YANG Xuechun;JIANG Wenjun;CAO Ming;HUANG Juhua(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang Jiangxi 330031, China)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学机电工程学院,江西南昌330031

出　　处：《机床与液压》2021年第1期21-25,41,共6页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(51762034)。

摘　　要：通过选区激光熔化(SLM)工艺成型AlSi10Mg试样,研究其显微组织和力学性能。采用某公司生产的AFS-M260选区激光熔化成型机打印AlSi10Mg试样,综合使用显微硬度仪、光学显微镜、扫描电镜、XRD衍射仪进行分析,得出其显微硬度、组织形貌、元素分布和物相组成。由于SLM独特的成型方式而引起共晶结构定向生长,使得试样微观组织在横纵方向呈现各向异性,但相同截面上组织从熔池边界到内部呈现梯度结构,可分为3个区域:粗晶区、热影响区、细晶区,各区域横纵截面对应的α-Al基体尺寸、平均共晶Si宽度、共晶组织含量均呈现下降趋势。试样的硬度显著大于传统铸态试样,但横纵截面相差不大。SLM成型得到的AlSi10Mg试样硬度性能极其优良,成型组织细小,这主要与SLM成型的高冷却速率相关。AlSi10Mg samples were formed by selective laser melting(SLM)process,the microstructure and mechanical properties of the samples were studied.The AlSi10Mg sample was printed by AFS-M260 selective laser melting machine produced by a company,the sample was analyzed by using microhardness tester,optical microscope,scanning electron microscope and XRD diffractometer,and its micro hardness,structure morphology,element distribution and phase composition were obtained.The directional growth of the eutectic structure caused by the unique forming method of SLM makes the anisotropic microstructure of the sample in the horizontal and vertical directions,but the microstructure on the same section presents a gradient structure from the boundary of the molten pool to the inside,which can be divided into three regions,namely,coarse-grained zone,heat-affected zone,fine-grained zone.Theα-Al matrix size,average eutectic Si width and eutectic structure content in the transverse and vertical sections of each zone show a downward trend.The hardness of the sample is significantly larger than that of the conventional as-cast sample,but the transverse and longitudinal sections are not much different.The SLM-formed AlSi10Mg sample has excellent hardness properties and a small formed microstructure,which is mainly due to the high cooling rate of SLM forming.

关 键 词：选区激光熔化 显微组织 硬度 AlSi10Mg 

分 类 号：TG14[金属学及工艺—金属材料]