彩绘类文物保护材料明胶的表征及性能  

Characterization and properties of gelatin as a kind of conservation material for painted cultural relics

作　　者：李燕飞[1,2,3] 赵林毅 方晓芸[1,2,3] 王磊 LI Yan-fei;ZHAO Lin-yi;FANG Xiao-yun;WANG Lei(Conservation Research Institute,Dunhuang Academy,Dunhuang 736200,Gansu,China;National Research Center for Conservation,Ancient Wall Paintings,Dunhuang 736200,Gansu,China;Key Scientific Research Base of Conservation for Ancient Mural,State Administration for Cultural Heritage,Dunhuang 736200,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]敦煌研究院保护研究所,甘肃敦煌736200 [2]国家古代壁画保护工程技术研究中心,甘肃敦煌736200 [3]古代壁画保护国家文物局重点科研基地,甘肃敦煌7362000

出　　处：《西北师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第1期70-76,83,共8页Journal of Northwest Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2019YFC1520700)。

摘　　要：本着为古代彩绘类文物保护修复提供材料学认知、分析和应用支撑的目的,采用热重-差热、红外光谱、X-射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜及激光粒径分析等手段,开展明胶的热稳定性、结构、形貌和颗粒尺寸的表征与分析.采用粘度计、表面张力仪、pH计、电导率仪等研究了彩绘类文物保护和修复材料明胶稀溶液浓度与其粘度、表面张力、pH、电导率的关系;通过冻融、室温-高温放置、离心分离研究了明胶溶液的稳定性.结果表明,明胶溶液颗粒尺寸均匀,热稳定性高,兼容性好,冻融和高温静置后溶液不分层,因而明胶在彩绘类文物保护修复方面具有一定的应用前景.In order to provide scientific cognition,analysis and application support for the conservation and restoration of ancient painted cultural relics,based on the special requirements on materials for the protection of painted cultural relics and combined knowledge of polymer materials,the thermal stability,structure,morphology and particle size of gelatin were characterized by using thermogravimetric-differential thermal(TG-DTG),Fourier transform infrared spectrum(FT-IR),X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and laser particle size analysis.The relationship between the concentration of gelatin solution and its viscosity,surface tension,pH and conductivity were investigated by viscometer,surface tension,pH meter and electrical conductivity.The stability of gelatin solution was examined by freezing and thawing test,room temperature-high temperature placement,centrifugal separation.The results show that gelatin solution has a certain application prospect in the conservation and restoration of painted cultural relics due to uniform particle size,good compatibility,high thermal stability,and no stratifying after freezing-thawing and standing at high temperature.

关 键 词：彩绘类文物 文物保护 明胶 稳定性 

分 类 号：TQ630.7[化学工程—精细化工] K879.4[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]