2011—2019年上海市长宁区高温中暑病例特征分析  

Epidemiological Characteristics of Heat Stroke Cases in Changning District of Shanghai from 2011 to 2019

作　　者：张晟杰 钱蕾[1] 唐传喜[1] 吴金贵[1] 夏庆华[1] ZHANG Sheng-jie;QIAN Lei;TANG Chuan-xi;WU Jin-gui;XIA Qing-hua(Department of public health surveillance and management,Changning District Center far Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200051,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市长宁区疾病预防控制中心公共卫生监测管理科,上海200051

出　　处：《伤害医学（电子版）》2020年第4期33-36,共4页Injury Medicine(Electronic Edition)

摘　　要：目的分析2011-2019年上海市长宁区高温中暑病例流行病学特征,为高温中暑防控措施的制定提供科学依据。方法收集整理2011-2019年“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”中报告的上海市长宁区高温中暑病例,进行统计描述和分析。由于中暑病例数小于40例,单因素分析采用Fisher确切概率法,相关性分析采用Spearman相关分析。结果共收集37例高温中暑病例,年龄中位数56岁;其中,男性28例(75.68%),年龄中位数48岁,男性中暑患者发生中暑的地点以室外工作场所为主,有21例(75.00%);女性9例(24.32%),年龄中位数78岁,女性中暑患者发生中暑的地点以家中为主,有6例(66.67%)。轻症中暑16例(43.25%),年龄中位数57岁;重症中暑21例(56.75%),年龄中位数52岁。中暑病例时间分布主要在7月、8月,分别占83.78%、16.22%.中暑病例数与高温热浪天数存在相关性(r=0.004,P<0.01).结论上海市长宁区高温中暑男性病例明显多于女性病例;室外劳动者及退休老人为中暑的高危人群;7、8月为中暑的高发时间。因此,有必要加强对中暑知识的宣传教育力度。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of heat stroke cases in Changning District,Shanghai from2011 to 2019,and to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of heat stroke prevention and control measures.Methods The cases of heat stroke in Changning District,Shanghai,reported in the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System from 2011 to 2019 were collected,statistically described and analyzed.Since the number of heat stroke cases was less than 40,Fisher.s exact probability method was used for univariate analysis,and Spearman.s correlation analysis was used for correlation analysis.Results A total of 37 cases of heat stroke were collected,with a median age of 56 years;of these,28 (75.68%) were males,with a median age of 48 years.There were 6 cases (66.67%) of heat stroke in women.There were 16 cases (43.25%) of mild heat stroke,with a median age of 57 years,and 21 cases (56.75%) of severe heat stroke,with a median age of 52 years.The time distribution of heatstroke cases was mainly in July and August,accounting for83.78%and 16.22%respectively.There was a correlation between the number of heat stroke cases and the number of heat wave days (r=0.004,P<0.01).Conclusions There were significantly more male cases of heat stroke than female cases in Changning District,Shanghai;Outdoor workers and retired elderly people were at high risk of heat stroke;July and August were the high incidence times for heat stroke.Therefore,there is a need to step up efforts to educate people about heat stroke.

关 键 词：高温 中暑 热浪 流行病学 

分 类 号：R594.12[医药卫生—内科学]