国家铁路货运价格调整模型构建及应用探讨  

Construction and Application of National Railway Freight Tariff Adjustment Model

作　　者：宋小满 陈娅娜 SONG Xiaoman;CHEN Yana(Transportation&Economics Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司运输及经济研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《铁道货运》2020年第12期49-54,共6页Railway Freight Transport

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划课题(K2019X023)。

摘　　要：制定与市场相适应的货运价格是国家铁路提高价格竞争力、吸引货源的重要手段之一。通过分析竞争方式下的的货运价格水平、变动成本和承运企业付费清算等国家铁路货运价格调整影响因素,构建各种运输方式的综合运价和国铁货运价格调整模型,测算某条线路的国家铁路货运价格调整系数,研究结果表明:国家铁路货运价格应根据竞争方式的货运价格、两端费用、货物价格、运输时间、银行利息以及各铁路局集团公司的单位变动成本、承运企业付费清算进行调整,提出国家铁路应提高铁路货运产品的附加价值,降低货主发到两端的作业费用,监测影响国铁运价调整的信息,提升国铁货运价格竞争力。One of the important means for the national railway to improve its market competitiveness and attract customers is to adopt the market-oriented tariff strategy.This paper analyzes the factors influencing the tariff strategy of the national railway,such as tariff level,variable cost and payment settlement of carrier enterprises under the mode of competition.It also constructs the models of comprehensive tariff of various transportation modes and national railway tariff adjustment and calculates the tariff adjustment coefficient of national railway of a certain line.The research results show that the tariff of national railway should be adjusted according to the freight tariff,the expenses at both ends,the goods price,the transportation time and the bank interest of other competitive modes as well as the unit variable cost of each railway groups,and the payment and settlement of the carrier enterprise.This paper recommends the national railway to increase the added value of railway freight products,reduce the operation cost of consignor to both ends,monitor the information affecting the adjustment of national railway tariff,so as to enhance the competitiveness of freight tariff of national railway.

关 键 词：国家铁路 运价调整 竞争方式 变动成本 承运企业付费清算 

分 类 号：F530.5[经济管理—产业经济]