典型危险货物罐式箱铁路运输安全监控技术研究  

Safety Monitoring Technology for Railway Transportation of Typical Dangerous Goods with Tank Container

作　　者：杨文韬 张义川 姚振坤 张辉 YANG Wentao;ZHANG Yichuan;YAO Zhenkun;ZHANG Hui(Transportation&Economics Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;Freight Department,China State Railway Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100844,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司运输及经济研究所,北京100081 [2]中国国家铁路集团有限公司货运部,北京100844

出　　处：《铁道货运》2020年第12期78-83,共6页Railway Freight Transport

基　　金：中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司科研项目(2019YJ084)。

摘　　要：目前铁路对典型危险货物罐式箱的安全控制主要依靠人工检查,缺少技防手段。以典型危险货物——LNG为研究对象,在阐述罐式箱运输安全监控技术现状的基础上,对典型危险货物罐式箱铁路运输安全监控技术发展进行比较分析,分析采用传感感知技术、无线通信技术和低功耗控制技术对货物介质的温度、压力、液位以及集装箱定位、冲击力等进行实时监控,以监控为基础手段和方法,结合多目标阈值判断和趋势预测实现危险货物铁路在途运输异常状态预报警分析、预测和应急处置。以技防代替人防的作业新模式,可以实现危险货物罐式箱铁路运输安全全程状态监控,提升危险货物的安全风险控制能力。The safety control of typical dangerous goods with tank container mainly depends on human inspection,where technical measures are not available at present.This paper takes the typical dangerous goods LNG as the study case and describes the current situation of safety monitoring technologies for tank container transportation.Then it compares and analyzes the development of safety monitoring technologies for typical dangerous goods with tank container.Using sensing technology,cellular mobile communication and low-power control technology to monitor the real-time temperature,pressure,liquid level,container position and impact force of cargo is explored.It is concluded that monitoring technologies should be sued as the basic means and method with multi-objective threshold judgment and trend prediction to facilitate abnormal state prediction and alarm analysis,prediction and emergency disposal of dangerous goods in railway transportation.The new operation mode of replacing human control methods with technical control can realize the whole process state monitoring,and improve the safety risk control ability of dangerous goods transportation with tank container.

关 键 词：危险货物 铁路运输 罐式箱 监控技术 蜂窝移动通信 

分 类 号：U294.83[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]