武术腾空动作落地阶段致膝关节损伤的运动生物力学分析  

Bio-mechanical Analysis of Knee Joint Injury During Landing Stage of Flight Action

作　　者：李飞鹏 LI Feipeng(College of Arts and Physical Education, Myongji University, Yonginsi 17058, Korea)

机构地区：[1]明知大学艺术体育学院,韩国龙仁17058

出　　处：《太原理工大学学报》2021年第1期158-162,共5页Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology

摘　　要：运用3D摄像技术对腾空摆莲720°接马步动作进行了测量,并对所获得的各阶段相关运动特征参数进行分析比对,最终从生物力学角度探求该动作落地阶段使膝关节损伤的影响因素。结果表明:腾空摆莲720°接马步动作落地阶段致膝关节的损伤多以半月板、侧副韧带或交叉韧带等的损伤为主,并具有普遍性。落地瞬时冲力是武术腾空动作中致膝关节损伤的主要影响因素,而冲力大小主要是由被试者体重、腾空高度以及落地缓冲方式等因素决定,由于被试者的体重为相对不可变量,那么其他两个因素则起到了决定性作用。腾空高度与动作完成质量成正相关,与此同时也为落地缓冲提供了相对充分的准备时间。若体重与腾空高度相对稳定情况下,那么被试者则要通过调整空中姿态来加大转动惯量,同时需要调整落地瞬间膝关节角度,为落地缓冲赢得准备时间,使落地瞬时冲力的值减到最小,以此来保护膝关节。The movement of vacated swing 720°followed by horse stance landing was measured by 3D imaging to obtaine the relevant motion characteristic parameters of different stages.From the perspective of biomechanics,the influence factors of knee injuries during the landing stage were discussed.The results show that the knee injury induced by the movement vacated swing 720°followed by horse stance landing is common,and the main injuries are meniscus injury,lateral collateral ligament injury,and crucial ligament injury.The impulse force generated by landing is the key factor of knee joint injury,and the influencing factors of the impulse forces are athlete’s weight,flight height,and landing type.Weight is relatively stable,and flight height determines the quality of the movement.Higher flight gains higher quality of the movement and longer time of landing.If the weight and flight height are stable,athlete can adjust the body movement to change the moment of inertia and two knee angles in landing phase for prolonging the landing time and lowering the peak value of landing impulse force,which could be reasonable for protecting knee joint.

关 键 词：腾空摆莲720°接马步 膝关节损伤 膝关节角度 冲力 武术腾空动作 

分 类 号：G804.53[文化科学—运动人体科学]