广西隆安县新生儿乙肝疫苗长期免疫效果研究  

Study on the long-term immunization effect of infant vaccninated with hepatitis B vaccine in Long an county,Guangxi

作　　者：王学燕[1] 陈钦艳[1] 张陆娟[1] 农秋锋[2] 林素琴[2] 胡莉萍[1] 石云良[1] 王超 毕胜利[4] 沈丽萍 方钟燎[1] WANG Xue-yan;CHEN Qin-yan;ZHANG Lu-juan;NONG Qiu-feng;LIN Su-qin;HU Li-ping;SHI Yun-liang;WANG Chao;BI Sheng-li;SHEN Li-ping;FANG Zhong-liao(Guangxi Zhuang Aulonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangxi Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Control of Virul Hepatitis,Nanning,Guangxi 530028,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心,广西病毒性肝炎防治研究重点实验室,广西南宁530028 [2]隆安县疾病预防控制中心 [3]广西中医药大学 [4]中国疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《应用预防医学》2020年第6期458-462,共5页Applied Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(81703283);广西青年科学基金(2017GXNSFBA198086)。

摘　　要：目的探索乙肝疫苗长期免疫效果,为政府完善乙肝防控措施和策略提供科学依据。方法2020年1月对隆安县1987—1993年出生且获得乙肝疫苗及时、全程免疫的人群进行血清流行病学调查,用酶联免疫吸附试验和化学发光微粒子免疫法检测乙型肝炎病毒血清标记物。结果共调查530人,其中男性378人、女性152人,平均年龄(29.89±1.79)岁。HBsAg标化阳性率为5.11%,男、女性阳性率分别为5.29%和3.95%,两者差异无统计学意义(χ^2=0.420,P=0.517)。抗-HBs阳性率为33.21%,其中32岁组抗-HBs阳性率最高(53.33%),26岁组最低(17.50%)。54.72%研究对象抗-HBs浓度低于2 mIU/mL,其中85.17%抗-HBs浓度低于1 mIU/mL。同时发现2009至2019年间接受调查、有血清HBsAg检测结果的376名研究对象中,有9名出现HBsAg阳转,阳转率为2.39%。HBeAg阳性率为1.13%,抗-HBe阳性率为5.09%,抗-HBc阳性率为17.74%。结论新生儿乙肝疫苗免疫后26~32年,多数已无保护性抗体,处在HBV感染危险中,已有少数变成HBV慢性感染者,提示该人群应该加强免疫。ObjectiveTo explore the long-term immunization effect of hepatitis B(HepB)vaccine,provide the scientific basis for the government to make prevention and control policy of hepatitis B.MethodsThe seroepidemiological survey was conducted on individuals who were born between 1987-1993 in Long an county and received timely and full immunization with hepatitis B vaccine.The serum markers of the infection of hepatitis B virus(HBV)were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay.ResultsA total of 530 people were surveyed.The number of males and females was 378 and 152,respectively.The average age was(29.89±1.79)years old.The standardized positive rate of HBsAg was 5.11%.The rate of males and females was 5.29%and 3.95%,respectively,and there was no significant difference between the two(χ^2=0.420,P=0.517).The anti-HBs positive rate was 33.21%,of which the age group of 32 was the highest(53.33%),and the age group of 26 was the lowest(17.50%).A proportion of 54.72%of the subjects had an anti-HBs concentration lower than 2 mIU/ml,of which 85.17%had anti-HBs concentration lower than 1 mIU/ml.Meanwhile,among the 376 study subjects who were previously surveyed and had records of serum HBsAg test results,9 of them appeared HBsAg positive conversion,and the positive conversion rate was 2.39%.The positive rate of HBeAg was 1.13%,the positive rate of anti-HBe was 5.09%,and the positive rate of anti-HBc was 17.74%.ConclusionsMost people after 26 to 32 years of neonatal immunization with Hep B vaccine have no protective hepatitis B antibodies,putting them at risk of infection with HBV.A few of them have become chronic HBV infectors,suggesting that a booster dose of immunization should be provided.

关 键 词：乙肝疫苗 免疫效果 血清流行病学 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]