吉林省鸡源携带多黏菌素耐药基因mcr-1大肠杆菌的流行病学调查  

Epidemiological Investigation of Colistin Resistance Gene mcr-1 in Chickens from Jilin Province

作　　者：孙赫 张桉潮 郭越 黄晨 张亚超 李航 张益 关松磊[1] 张林波[1] SUN He;ZHANG An-chao;GUO Yue;HUANG Chen;ZHANG Ya-chao;LI Hang;ZHANG Yi;GUAN Song-lei;ZHANG Lin-bo(Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology,College of Life Sciences,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun,130118,China;Liaoyuan Economic and Technical Cooperation Bureau Investment Promotion Center,Liaoyuan 136200,China;Liaoyuan Maternal and Infant Hospital,Liaoyuan 136200,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学生命科学学院,吉林长春130118 [2]辽源市经济技术合作局投资促进中心,吉林辽源136200 [3]辽源市妇婴医院,吉林辽源136200

出　　处：《中国兽医杂志》2020年第9期68-73,共6页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：吉林省大学生科技创新基金项目(2017474)。

摘　　要：mcr-1是由质粒介导的多黏菌素耐药基因,该基因传播广泛,潜在危害较大。为了调查吉林省鸡源及环境中携带mcr-1大肠杆菌的情况,2017年10月—2018年10月从吉林省14个采集点随机收集鸡源拭子和环境样本526份,筛选携带mcr-1阳性大肠杆菌,检测阳性菌株对常用14种抗生素的敏感性并鉴定多药耐药基因,随后鉴定菌株内质粒类型。结果显示:(1)从鸡源拭子及环境样本中共分离鉴定出406株大肠杆菌,其中22株携带mcr-1基因(MIC为1~16μg/mL);(2)所有菌株均为多重耐药菌,其中氯霉素、阿莫西林、四环素、头孢噻肟的耐药率达到了100.00%。除mcr-1外,还鉴定出9种耐药基因:oqxA、oqxB、tetA、tetM、bla NDM、bla CTX-M-9G、fosA、qnrA、qnrB,其中2株菌同时携带碳氢霉烯酶基因bla NDM,9株菌同时携带超广谱的β-内酰胺酶基因bla CTX-M-9G;(3)质粒鉴定结果发现了13种质粒类型,所有菌株均含有2种以上质粒,其中检出率最高的是IncFIB和IncI2质粒。表明吉林省14个采集地区中永吉县mcr-1的检出率最高,并且养殖场的空气中检测到的mcr-1阳性率比同一地区的鸡源样本高,空气传播使mcr-1阳性菌极易在人畜之间传播。mcr-1阳性菌多重耐药情况严重,并且携带的质粒不相容群复杂,值得深入研究。mcr-1 is a plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene,which spreads widely and is potentially harmful.To investigate the status of carrying mcr-1 E.coli in chicken and environment in Jilin Province.From October 2017 to October 2018,526 chicken swabs and environmental samples were randomly collected from 14 collection points in Jilin province.Screening for positive E.coli carried out mcr-1,and the positive strains were sensitive to 14 commonly used antibiotics.The multidrug resistance gene was identified,and the type of plasmid within the strain was subsequently identified.(1)A total of 406 strains of E.coli were isolated from chicken swabs and environmental samples,of which 22 strains carried the mcr-1 gene(MIC was 1~16μg/mL).(2)All strains were multi-drug resistant,and the resistance rate of chloramphenicol,amoxicillin,tetracycline and cefotaxime reached 100.00%.In addition to mcr-1,nine drug resistance genes were identified:oqxA,oqxB,tetA,tetM,bla NDM,bla CTX-M-9G,fosA,qnrA,qnrB,of which 2 strains simultaneously carried the hydrocarbonase enzyme gene bla NDM,9 strains simultaneously carry the extended-spectrumβ-lactamase gene bla CTX-M-9G.(3)Plasmid identification results showed 13 plasmid types,all of which contained more than 2 kinds of plasmids,of which the highest detection rate was the IncFIB and IncI2 plasmids.The detection rate of mcr-1 in Yongji county is the highest in 14 collection areas in Jilin Province,and the positive rate of mcr-1 detected in the air of the farm is higher than that of the same area.The airborne transmission makes mcr-1 positive strains easily spread between humans and animals.The multi-drug resistance of mcr-1 positive strains are serious,and the incompatible plasmids are complex,which deserves further study.

关 键 词：多黏菌素 多重耐药 耐药基因 

分 类 号：R978.1[医药卫生—药品]