乡村振兴背景下农民专业合作社经营能力评价与提升路径研究——基于26个省份面板数据的实证研究  

The Evaluation on Farmer Professional Cooperative's Management Ability and Its Promotion Path under the Background of Rural Revitalization—An Empirical Research Based on Panel Data of 26 Provinces

作　　者：杨林[1] 李峥[2] Yang Lin;Li Zheng(Business School,Shandong University,Weihai 264209,P.R.China;Free Trade Zone Research Institute,Shandong University,Weihai 264209,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学商学院,威海264209 [2]山东大学自贸区研究院,威海264209

出　　处：《山东大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第1期152-166,共15页Journal of Shandong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：山东省社科规划项目“山东省健全城乡融合发展体制机制和政策取向研究”(19BJCJ66).

摘　　要：专业合作社作为农民自愿联合的互助性经济组织,是促进农业产业化、助力乡村振兴和建立现代化农业经营体系的关键主体。运用熵值法,从组织生产能力、市场运营能力、服务社会能力和盈利增收能力四个维度评价农民专业合作社经营能力,并通过实证分析考察提升路径。研究发现:全国层面,市场运营能力的下降是农民专业合作社综合经营能力下降的主要原因;区域层面,农民专业合作社发展水平最高的是中部地区,组织生产能力和盈利增收能力得分相对最高的地区是中部,市场运营能力得分最高的地区是东部,西部地区服务社会能力得分最高,市场运营与盈利增收能力不足是西部与东北地区农民专业合作社能力提升的制约因素;省级层面,省际间差距呈先缩小后扩大态势,主要由市场运营能力差距引致。影响因素研究表明,财政扶持、金融信贷和外力创建均会促进农民专业合作社综合经营能力的提升,其中财政扶持效果最优。As a famers mutual aid economic organization,farmer professional cooperative is the key subject to promote agricultural industrialization,realize rural revitalization and establish modern agricultural management system.This paper uses entropy method to measure the management ability of farmer professional cooperative from four dimensions including organizational production,market operation,social service and profitability,and studies the promotion path through empirical research.The result shows that:the decline of market operation ability is the main reason for the decline of management ability,and the central region has the highest score of management ability.The central region has the highest score of organizational production and profitability,and the eastern region has the highest score of market operation ability,while the western region has the highest score of social service ability.The shortage of market operation and profitability is the restricting factor of the western and northeast region.The gap among provinces is narrowing first and then expanding,which is mainly caused by market operation.The research of influencing factors shows that fiscal support,financial credit and external force creation can promote the farmer specialized cooperative's management ability,among which the effect of fiscal support is the best.

关 键 词：农民专业合作社 新型农业经营主体 经营能力 财政扶持 外力创建 

分 类 号：F321.42[经济管理—产业经济]