微咸水及其淡化水对压砂瓜产量、品质和土壤的影响  

Effects of Brackish Water and Desalinated Water on the Yield, Quality and Soil of Gravel Mulching Field

作　　者：马文瑞 田军仓[1,2,3] 沈晖 闫新房[1,2,3] MA Wenrui;TIAN Juncang;SHEN Hui;YAN Xinfang(School of Civil Engineering and Hydraulic Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Engineering and Technology of Research Center of Water-Saving Irrigation and Water Resource Regulation in Ningxia,Yinchuan 750021,China;Engineering Research Center Funded by Ministry of Education for Effective Utilization of Modern Agricultural Water Resources in Arid Areas,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏节水灌溉与水资源调控工程技术研究中心,宁夏银川750021 [3]旱区现代农业水资源高效利用教育部工程研究中心,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《宁夏工程技术》2020年第4期375-380,共6页Ningxia Engineering Technology

基　　金：宁夏高等学校一流学科建设项目(NXYLXK2017A03);教育部“长江学者和创新团队发展计划”创新团队项目(IRT1067)。

摘　　要：为探究宁夏中卫香山压砂瓜膜下滴灌最适宜的灌溉水质,推进宁夏中卫压砂瓜产业的可持续发展,采用田间小区对比试验,以微咸水(矿化度为4.1 g/L)、净化水(矿化度为0.22 g/L)和混合水(微咸水∶净化水=1∶1)三种水质为处理,研究了其对压砂瓜产量、品质及土壤性质的影响。结果表明:净化水和混合水灌溉下的压砂瓜叶片数分别比微咸水灌溉增大24.3%和11.9%,净化水和混合水灌溉下的压砂瓜主蔓长分别比微咸水灌溉增大13.8%和3.4%,净化水和混合水灌溉下的净光合速率分别比微咸水灌溉增大27.5%和13.0%;净化水和混合水灌溉下的产量分别比微咸水灌溉提高了31.1%和15.7%,水分生产效率分别提高了30.4%和15.2%,土壤全盐量分别下降了38.9%和21.9%;混合水灌溉的压砂瓜维生素C、可溶性糖、可溶性固形物质量比分别比净化水灌溉提高了2.3%,28.1%,17.8%,而且生产成本较净化水灌溉下降50%,可作为压砂瓜灌溉的最佳水质。Through field comparison test in Xiangshan Mountain,Ningxia,three kinds of water quality are designed,brackish water(mineralization degree 4.1 g/L),purified water(mineralization degree 0.22 g/L)mixed water(bracky water∶purified water=1∶1)in order to explore the most suitable irrigation water quality for drip irrigation under the film of Xiangshan pressed sand melon in Zhongwei,Ningxia.And the effects of irrigation water quality on the yield,quality and soil properties of pressed sand melon are studied.The results show that the net water irrigation and mixed water(brackish water∶net water=1∶1)irrigation increase the yield by 31.1%and 15.7%respectively compared to the brackish water irrigation.The total amount of soil salt decreases by 38.9%and 21.9%,respectively.The content of vitamin C,soluble sugar,and soluble solids in pressed watermelon under mixed water irrigation are higher than those under clean water irrigation.The conversion and utilization of available nitrogen is also significantly higher than that of brackish water and close to purified water.The production cost is 50%lower than that of purified water irrigation,which can be used as the best water quality for sandmelon irrigation.

关 键 词：压砂瓜 膜下滴灌 微咸水 水分生产效率 品质 

分 类 号：S275[农业科学—农业水土工程]