抽穗开花期喷施茉莉酸甲酯对不同生态区粳稻花时和株型的影响  

Effect of Spraying Methyl Jasmonate During Heading Date on Floret Opening Time and Plant Type of japonica Rice from Different Ecological Areas

作　　者：杨宇尘 夏原野[1] 闫志强[1] 汪磊 闫秉春 王镜博 王祎玮 栾金华 徐海[1] YANG Yuchen;XIA Yuanye;YAN Zhiqiang;WANG Lei;YAN Bingchun;WANG Jingbo;WANG Yiwei;LUAN Jinhua;XU Hai(Institute of Rice Research,Shenyang Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Northeast Rice Biology and Breeding,Ministry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Northern japonica Super Rice Breeding,Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Northern japonica Genetics and Breeding of Liaoning Province,Shenyang 110866,China;Rice Research Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences,Harbin 150038,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学水稻研究所/农业部东北水稻生物学与遗传育种重点实验室/北方超级粳稻育种教育部重点实验室/辽宁省北方粳稻遗传育种重点实验室,沈阳110866 [2]黑龙江省农垦科学院水稻研究所,哈尔滨150038

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》2021年第1期69-77,共9页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFD0100502);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-01-11);辽宁省科技重大专项(2019JH1/10200001)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同浓度MeJA调控不同生态区育成的粳稻品种花时性状的效果及其对株型性状的影响,为利用MeJA调控杂交亲本的花时,提高亚种间杂交稻的制种产量提供科学依据。【方法】以来自不同生态区的35份粳稻品种为试材,于抽穗开花期喷施不同浓度的MeJA,调查不同生态区育成的粳稻品种对MeJA响应的差异及其对株型性状的影响。【结果】MeJA对不同生态区的粳稻花时性状均有显著的促进效应。与对照相比,处理后第一天,不同浓度MeJA处理下粳稻开花时间均显著提前,且随着MeJA浓度的升高,粳稻始花、盛花、终花均显著提前,始-盛持续时间、始-终持续时间均显著缩短。处理后第二天、第三天,MeJA调控效应快速消失,低浓度处理下始终有开花现象,高浓度、中浓度处理下无开花现象。不同生态区粳稻品种对MeJA调控的敏感性不同,其中,辽宁稻区粳稻品种的花时性状对MeJA的调控最为敏感;黑龙江稻区第三积温带的粳稻品种花时性状对MeJA的调控最为迟钝。喷施MeJA对不同生态区的粳稻株型性状有显著影响。株高、颈穗弯曲度随着MeJA浓度的升高而下降,各浓度处理与对照相比均差异显著;剑叶长、倒二叶长随MeJA浓度的升高而变长。【结论】MeJA对不同生态区的粳稻花时性状均有显著的促进效应。MeJA浓度越高,花时提前的效果越明显。各生态区粳稻对MeJA响应的敏感性存在差异。MeJA对粳稻株型性状有一定的影响。粳稻株高、穗颈弯曲度均随着MeJA浓度的升高而下降,且与对照差异显著。MeJA对粳稻其他株型性状的影响大多未达到显著水平。【Objective】This work tends to clarify the effect of MeJA spraying on floret opening time and plant type of japonica rice from diverse ecological areas and lay a scientific basis for utilizing MeJA to regulate the floret opening time of hybrid parents,increase seed production of intersubspecies hybrid rice【Method】Thirty five japonica rice cultivars from diverse ecological areas were used as test materials and subjected to different concentrations of MeJA treatment during heading date.Difference in response to MeJA exposure of the tested materials and its effect on plant type traits were analyzed.【Result】Me JA spraying had a significant promoting effect on the floret opening time of japonica rice from different ecological areas.Compared with the control,the floret opening time of japonica rice treated with different concentrations of MeJA was significantly advanced on the first day after treatment.With the rising MeJA concentration,the initial flowering time,full flowering time,and terminal flowering time of japonica rice were significantly advanced.The duration from initial flowering to full flowering,duration from initial flowering to terminal flowering were significantly shortened,duration from full flowering to terminal flowering was significantly extended.On the second and third days after treatment,MeJA spraying was out of function quickly.Flowering could be found under low concentration MeJA treatment and it was opposite under high-and medium-concentration MeJA treatment.Japonica rice cultivars from different ecological areas showed different sensitivity to MeJA regulation.The japonica rice cultivars from Liaoning rice growing region are the most sensitive in the floret opening time and those from the third accumulated temperature zone of Heilongjiang Province was the least sensitive.MeJA spraying exerted a significant effect on the plant type traits of japonica rice.Plant height and panicle curvature were significantly decreased with the increase of MeJA concentration as compared with the contro

关 键 词：粳稻 生态区 茉莉酸甲酯 花时 株型 

分 类 号：S511.22[农业科学—作物学]