抗战前后共产党组织对农村会道门的争取工作——以民国山东博山县为例  

The Winning over of the Village Sects and Societies by the Communist Party Organizations Before and After the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression——Case Study of Boshan County,Shandong Province in the Republic of China

作　　者：张宗帅 Zhang Zongshuai

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院研究生院,北京102488

出　　处：《上海地方志》2020年第4期87-93,96,共8页Shanghai Chronicles

摘　　要：农村会道门组织是在中央权力解体、军阀混战所引起的社会动荡的情形下,农村地方力量出于进行自我防卫和保护自身利益的目的而创立的,带有民间宗教色彩的武装组织。20世纪20年代军阀混战时期和20世纪三四十年代抗日战争时期是农村会道门的两个兴盛期,在第一个兴盛期,博山县共产党主要在工矿区争取黄沙会发动煤矿工人罢工;在第二个兴盛期,博山县共产党主要在农村地区通过派遣农村小学教员打入枪会内部、成立“九道联合办事处”等策略对会道门进行引导分化,使其成为抗日武装的积极力量。抗战前后山东博山县共产党组织在开展革命斗争的过程中,根据会道门会众数量大、组织性广泛、武装性强的特点,充分争取团结地方社会中的农村会道门组织,取得了显著的成效,成为共产党地方组织广泛发动群众、统一战线的成功案例。The village sects and societies are superstitious and secret armed organizations established for self-defence and self-interests by the village local forces under the social unrest caused by the disintegration of the central power and the warlord dogfight.The village sects and societies thrived respectively in the warlord dogfight in the 1920s and War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression during the 1930s-40s two periods.In the first period,the Communist Party of China Boshan County Branch mainly convinced the Yellow Sand Sect to launch coal miners’strikes in the industrial and mining areas;in the second period,the Communist Party of China Boshan County Branch used a different tactic in the rural areas by planting agents of village school teachers into the armed sects and establishing"Nine Sects Joint Office"to guide and divide the village sects and societies and turn them into the active armed forces for fighting against the Japanese invaders.Before and after the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression,the Communist Party organizations in Boshan County,Shandong Province set a good example in mobilizing the masses and forming the United Front.In the process of carrying out the revolutionary struggle,they made generous efforts in winning over and uniting the village sects and societies according to their characteristics,namely,great in number,wide-spread in organizations and better armed in forces,and achieved remarkable results.

关 键 词：农村枪会 会道门 农村小学教员 山东博山 

分 类 号：K26[历史地理—历史学]