静脉留置针冲管方法对血管影响的实验研究  

Experimental study on the effect of flushing method of intravenous indwelling needle on blood vessels

作　　者：童翠玲 耿敬 胡红 王宗文 周红 TONG Cuiling;GENG Jing;HU Hong;WANG Zongwen;ZHOU Hong(Yangtze University,Health Science Center,Hubei 434023 China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学医学部,湖北434023 [2]荆州市职业技术学院护理学院 [3]华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院

出　　处：《护理研究》2021年第1期1-6,共6页Chinese Nursing Research

基　　金：湖北省卫生计生委第三批联合基金立项项目,编号:WJ2018H231;湖北省荆州市科技局科研基金资助项目,编号:2017-97。

摘　　要：目的:探讨静脉留置针冲管方法对血管的影响机制。方法:将30只日本大耳白兔随机分为实验A组、实验B组和对照组,分别采用脉冲式冲管、直接推注式冲管及不做任何处理。在干预过程中进行肉眼观察,72 h后对3组的耳缘静脉进行标本取材及病理观察,比较3组堵管、静脉炎、水肿的发生情况以及组织形态学、病理分级、炎症细胞计数。结果:通过肉眼观察发现,实验A组的堵管、水肿及静脉炎的情况较实验B组严重(P<0.05);病理分级显示,在静脉内皮细胞丢失、水肿形成、炎症细胞浸润、表皮细胞和软骨细胞变性方面,实验A组较实验B组严重(P<0.05);实验B组血栓形成比实验A组严重(P<0.05);实验A组炎症细胞计数高于实验B组(P<0.05)。结论:相较于脉冲式冲管法,直接推注式冲管法不容易引起静脉血管内皮及其周围组织损伤,但容易引起血栓形成。Objective:To explore the mechanism of the effect of intra venous indwelling needle flushing method on blood vessels.Methods:Thirty Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into experimental group A,B and control group,using pulsed flush,uniform flush,and no treatment,respectively.Visual observation was performed during the intervention.After 72 h of intervention,specimens and pathological observations were performed on the ear veins in the three groups.The occurrence of blockage,phlebitis and edema,as well as histomorphology,pathological grading and inflammatory cell count in the 3 groups were compared.Results:Through visual observation,it was found that the catheter blockage,edema and phlebitis in the experimental group A were more serious than those in group B(P<0.05);The results of pathological grading observation showed that the venous endothelial cells loss,edema,inflammatory cell infiltration,the degeneration of epidermal cells and chondrocytes in experimental group A were more serious than those of group B(P<0.05).In terms of thrombosis,experimental group B was more serious than group A(P<0.05).And the inflammatory cell counts in experimental group A was higher than that of group B(P<0.05).Conclusions:Compared with the pulse flush,the uniform flush was unlikely to cause damage to the venous endothelium and surrounding tissues,but it was likely to cause thrombus.

关 键 词：静脉留置针 冲管方法 导管堵塞 静脉炎 组织损伤 血栓形成 实验研究 

分 类 号：R472[医药卫生—护理学]