醴陵市双季稻氮磷钾肥利用率研究  

Study on N,P and K Fertilizer Utilization Rates of Double Cropping Rice in Liling City

作　　者：魏芸霞 谭丽 肖小平[2] 邓舒 李超[2] 王娟 程凯凯[2] WEI Yun-xia;TAN Li;XIAO Xiao-ping;DENG Shu;LI Chao;WANG Juan;CHENG Kai-kai(Liling Agricultural and Rural Bureau,Liling 412200,PRC;Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Institute,Changsha 410125,PRC)

机构地区：[1]醴陵市农业农村局,湖南醴陵412200 [2]湖南省土壤肥料研究所,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2020年第12期21-23,共3页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖南省农业科技创新资金(2019LS03-1);湖南省2019年田间肥效试验项目(湘土肥发〔2019〕1号文件)。

摘　　要：为提高双季稻栽培过程中氮、磷、钾肥的利用效率,采用田间小区试验,通过测定稻谷、稻草产量及其全氮、磷、钾含量,研究了醴陵市双季稻氮、磷、钾肥利用率。结果表明:氮、磷、钾3种肥料中不施任意一种肥料,都会降低水稻有效穗、穗粒数和千粒重,导致严重减产,与施用氮磷钾肥料相比,不施氮肥减产33.11%~44.91%,不施磷肥减产23.71%~34.11%,不施钾肥减产24.61%~30.07%;氮肥、磷肥、钾肥的利用率早稻分别为44.74%、46.48%、49.58%,晚稻分别为53.59%、38.08%、41.02%。这说明水稻生产中氮磷钾肥料同等重要,配合施用能增加有效穗,改善穗粒结构,提高产量,提高肥料利用效率。In order to study and improve the utilization efficiency of N,P and K fertilizers in Liling City,the field plot experiment was carried out by measuring rice and straw yields,and the contents of total N,P and K.The results showed that the effective panicle,grain number per panicle and 1000-grain weight of rice were reduced by no application of any of N,P and K fertilizers,resulting in serious yield reduction;the yield decrease was 33.11%-44.91%without N fertilizer,23.71%-34.11%without P fertilizer and 24.61%-30.07%without K fertilizer.The utilization rates of N,P and K were 44.74%,46.48%and 49.58%in early rice and 53.59%,38.08%and 41.02%in late rice,respectively.This shows that N,P and K fertilizers are equally important in rice production,their combined application can increase effective panicles,improve panicle-grain structure,increase yield and improve fertilizer use efficiency.

关 键 词：氮磷钾肥 肥料利用率 双季稻 醴陵市 

分 类 号：S147.5[农业科学—肥料学]