猪粪施用量对土壤和辣椒中Cd和Pb积累的影响  

Effect of Pig Manure Application on Cd and Pb Accumulation in Soil and Pepper

作　　者：马国泰 杜红艳 刘芝妨 杨继刚 张昊 梁军 马利利 关天霞 MA Guotai;DU Hongyan;LIU Zhifang;YANG Jigang;ZHANG Hao;LIANG Jun;MA Lili;GUAN Tianxia(School of Life sciences and Engineering,Hexi University,Zhangye Gansu 734000,China;Key Laboratory of Hexi Corridor Resources Utilization of Gansu,Zhangye Gansu 734000,China)

机构地区：[1]河西学院生命科学与工程学院,甘肃张掖734000 [2]甘肃省河西走廊特色资源利用重点实验室,甘肃张掖734000

出　　处：《甘肃农业科技》2021年第1期28-34,共7页Gansu Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41461075);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201510740007)。

摘　　要：采用田间随机区组试验设计,研究了施用不同量(0、15、30、45、60 t/hm^2)猪粪对辣椒不同生育时期土壤和辣椒各器官(根、茎、叶和果实)重金属Cd和Pb积累的影响。结果表明,土壤Cd和Pb的含量随着猪粪有机肥施用量的增加而增加,随着辣椒生长发育进程有所下降,Cd和Pb含量的最大值分别为0.360 3、29.11 mg/kg,均未超过土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准(GB15618—2018)。在相同猪粪施用量条件下,辣椒根和茎中的Cd和Pb含量随着生育进程而增加,各器官中Cd和Pb的含量分布由大到小依次为根、叶、茎、果实。辣椒果实中Cd的含量为0.023 3~0.049 0 mg/kg,Pb含量为0.062 7~0.086 5 mg/kg,均未超过食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量(GB 2762—2017),可安全食用。虽然猪粪有机肥的施用导致了土壤Cd和Pb的积累,但对辣椒各器官影响较小。辣椒根对重金属的富集能力为Cd>Pb,说明Cd更容易从土壤向辣椒中转移,对辣椒造成的危害可能会更大。The effect of pig manure on the accumulation of Cd and Pb in soil and organs(roots,stems,leaves and fruits)of pepper at different growth stages were studied by randomized block experiment design after different amount of pig manure application(0,15,30,45 and 60 t/hm^2).The results showed that the content of Cd and Pb in soil increased with the increase of the pig manure application,and decreased with the growth stages of pepper.The maximum content of Cd and Pb in the soil were 0.3603 mg/kg and 29.11 mg/kg,respectively,which do not exceed The soil environmental quality and soil pollution risk control standard for agricultural land(GB 15618—2018).Under the same amount of pig manure,the content of Cd and Pb in the roots and stems of pepper increased with the growth stages of pepper.The contents of Cd and Pb in each organ were distributed from large to small in order as roots、leaves、stems、fruits.The contents of Cd and Pb in pepper fruits were 0.0233~0.0490 mg/kg and 0.0627~0.0865 mg/kg,but they were all within the limit of pollutants in National food safety standard(GB2762—2017)and can be eaten safely.It can be concluded that although the application of pig manure results in the accumulation of Cd and Pb in soil,it has little effect on the organs of pepper.The enrichment capacity of pepper roots to heavy metals was Cd>Pb,which indicated that Cd was more easily transferred from soil to pepper,and the harm to pepper may be greater.

关 键 词：猪粪 辣椒 CD PB 灌漠土 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学] S141.2[农业科学—园艺学]