钠电池失效研究进展  

Progress of sodium battery failure research

作　　者：冯利利[1] 于天水 程东浩 孙春文[3] Lili Feng;Tianshui Yu;Donghao Cheng;Chunwen Sun(School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China China;Academy of Civil Aviation Science and Technology,Engineering and Technical Research Center of Civil Aviation Safety Analysis and Prevention of Beijing,Beijing 100028,China;Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)化学与环境工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国民航科学技术研究院,北京市民航安全分析及预防工程技术研究中心,北京100028 [3]中国科学院北京纳米能源与系统研究所,北京100083

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2020年第12期1801-1815,共15页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：民航安全工程技术研究中心、北京市民航安全分析及预防工程技术研究中心开放课题(编号:20200116)资助项目。

摘　　要：钠电池因原料钠储量丰富、成本低廉、电极材料来源多样等优点,持续受到人们的关注.但是,在没有外部因素的影响下,钠电池正常运行时会发生一定概率的失效,以电化学性能变化与电池零部件发生破坏的失效模式表现出来,产生电池热失控、短路、起火等失效后果.本文依据失效模式与影响分析(FMEA)技术的理论失效链模型,分别对不同种类钠电池的正极、负极、电解质、隔膜、集流体和外壳等构件进行失效原因分析,基于钠电池构件概述了钠电池失效研究的进展,并提出了钠电池失效分析流程,最后对钠电池失效分析体系的构建进行了展望,旨在为钠电池的失效研究、安全使用与设计制造提供参考.Sodium batteries have attracted much attention owing to their abundant reserves and low cost of Na raw materials and diverse sources of electrode materials. However, even if no external factors are applied, sodium batteries might fail in a certain probability during the normal operation, which exhibits the failure modes of electrochemical performance decay and the component destruction of the batteries, resulting in these failure consequences such as battery thermal runaway, short circuit, fire etc. In this paper, various failure causes are analyzed for the components of sodium batteries like cathodes, anodes, electrolytes, separators, current collectors and the case of the sodium battery,according to the theoretical failure chain model of failure mode and effect analysis(FMEA) technology. Progress of sodium battery failure research is summarized based on above sodium battery components. Moreover, the failure analysis process of sodium batteries is also proposed. The sodium battery failure analysis system is finally proposed. It will provide the informations for the failure research, safe use, design and manufacture of sodium batteries.

关 键 词：钠电池 失效模式 电池构件 失效原因 失效分析流程 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]