行动者网络视角下江南水乡古镇空间演化路径——以周庄古镇为例  

THE SPATIAL EVOLUTION PATH OF ANCIENT WATER TOWNS IN SOUTHERN YANGTZE RIVER BASED ON THE ACTOR-NETWORK PERSPECTIVE:A CASE STUDY OF ZHOUZHUANG ANCIENT TOWN

作　　者：王勇[1] 朱雅琴 WANG Yong;ZHU Ya-qin(School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou 215011,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州科技大学建筑与城市规划学院,苏州215011

出　　处：《人文地理》2020年第6期76-84,共9页Human Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51778387,51578352)。

摘　　要：江南水乡古镇是江南地域社会经济活动的高度聚合体,而空间作为功能的载体,是古镇保护与发展中的关键一环。本文以周庄古镇为例,从行动者网络理论视角切入,解析不同旅游发展阶段古镇空间演化的行动者作用路径。研究发现,关键行动者意图、行动者网络结构的变化,推动了周庄古镇空间重构和演化。在观光旅游发展阶段,周庄镇政府为关键行动者,通过行政征召、专家带头征召等方式促成行动者网络的形成和发展,使古镇商业空间沿河街生长,文化体验空间呈团块状散布;在休闲度假转型阶段,市场力量开始发挥更大作用,行动者网络重新调整,进一步推动古镇商业空间网状渗透,文化体验空间条块衍生。本文认为古镇空间的实践建构应高度重视原住民这一行动者的作用。Ancient water towns in the south of Yangtze River are the higher combination of social and economic activities in Jiangnan.As the carrier of function,the space is a key link in the protection and development of the ancient towns.The protection and development of ancient towns are of great significance to the survival of traditional culture and the construction of human settlements.As the first water town in China,Zhouzhuang Ancient Town is the"leading sheep"of the ancient water towns in Jiangnan.Its tourism development and protection participants are complex,stage-specific,typical and representative,which provides an excellent empirical case for studying the spatial evolution path of the ancient water town in Jiangnan.From the perspective of actor network theory,taking Zhouzhuang Ancient Town as a typical case,it analyzes the role path of actors in the spatial evolution according to the stage division of tourism development.The study found that changes in the intentions of key actors and the network structure of actors have promoted the spatial reconstruction and evolution of Zhouzhuang Ancient Town.In the phase of tourism development,the government of Zhouzhuang promoted the formation and development of the actor network through administrative recruitment and expert-led recruitment as a key actor.As a result,the commercial space grew along the river street and the cultural experience space was scattered in clusters in the ancient town;in the transformation phase of leisure and vacation,market forces began to play a greater role.

关 键 词：行动者网络理论 空间演化 江南水乡 周庄古镇 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]