双致密星并合引力波事件中的伽马射线暴  

Gamma-ray bursts associating with gravitational waves from compact binary mergers

作　　者：俞云伟[1] 李永森 谈伟伟 戴子高[3] YU Yun-Wei;LI Yong-Sen;TAN Wei-Wei;DAI Zi-Gao(Institute of Astrophysics,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China;School of Physics and Mechanical Electrical&Engineering,Hubei University of Education,Wuhan 430205,China;School of Astronomy and Space Science,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学天体物理研究所,武汉430079 [2]湖北第二师范学院物理与机电工程学院,武汉430205 [3]南京大学天文与空间科学学院,南京210023

出　　处：《中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学》2020年第12期2-20,共19页Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:11822302,11833003,11803007);中央高校基本科研业务费(编号:CCNU18ZDPY06)资助项目。

摘　　要：中子星-中子星、中子星-黑洞和黑洞-黑洞并合事件是宇宙中高频引力波的主要来源.同时,短伽马暴GRB 170817A和引力波信号GW170817的成协也表明,双致密星并合事件有可能同时造成丰富的电磁对应体辐射,使之成为了多信使天文学研究的重要对象.本文简要综述了以短伽马暴为代表的引力波事件电磁对应体的研究现状,包括它们的瞬时辐射、前兆辐射、延展辐射、余辉辐射、千新星/并合新星辐射,讨论了中微子辐射、宿主星系性质、双中子星并合产物、相对论性喷流结构和短伽马暴的爆发率与光度函数等相关研究内容.在对现有主要认知进行描述的基础上,指出了仍然存在的一些重要开放性问题,比如伽马暴的完整爆发过程和中心能源性质、喷流的结构和能量耗散方式、粒子的加速和辐射机制等.这些问题一定程度上代表着未来进一步研究的方向.针对我国即将发射的致力于短伽马暴观测的引力波暴高能电磁对应体全天监测器(Gravitational wave high-energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-sky Monitor,GECAM)卫星项目,本文对其观测前景做出了预估和展望.Neutron star-neutron star, neutron star-black hole, and black hole-black hole mergers are the most promising sources of high-frequency gravitational waves(GWs) in the universe. Simultaneously, these compact binary mergers can also produce various electromagnetic emission represented by short gamma-ray burst(SGRB) phenomena, which had been confirmed by the discoveries in the GW170817/GRB 170817 A event. Therefore, these merger events are undoubtedly one of the most important targets of the multi-messenger astronomical researches. We provide a brief review on the state of art of the SGRB studies. First of all, the emission properties during the prompt, precursor, extended, and afterglow phases of SGRBs are described subsequently by following a theoretical understanding for relativistic jets. For completeness, we also pay many attentions to the associated kilonova/mergernova emission from a quasi-isotropic merger ejecta, the potential neutrino production, and the host galaxies of SGRBs, which can provide independent constraints on the origin of SGRBs. The observations in the GW170817/GRB 170817 A event are specially introduced, in particular, focusing on the implications for the merger product and the jet structure. Finally, by considering of the viewing angle-dependence of SGRB emission,we discuss a new understanding of the luminosity function of SGRBs. Then, we can prospect the future observation by the GECAM satellites, which are specially designed to monitor the GW-associated SGRBs and planned to be launched in2020.

关 键 词：伽马射线暴 引力波 致密星 

分 类 号：P172.3[天文地球—天文学] P142.84