辽河干流新民段表层沉积物重金属污染评价与来源分析  

Evaluation and Source Analysis of Heavy Metal Pollution in Surface Sediments of Xinmin Section in the Main Stream of Liaohe River

作　　者：惠淑荣[1] 孔令众 许晨慧 丰雪[1] 周天宇 董茹茵 闫肃 HUI Shu-rong;KONG Ling-zhong;XU Chen-hui;FENG Xue;ZHOU Tian-yu;DONG Ru-yin;YAN Su(College of Science,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110161,China;College of Bioscience and Biotechnology,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110161,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学理学院,沈阳110161 [2]沈阳农业大学生物科学技术学院,沈阳110161

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2020年第6期747-754,共8页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金项目(20180550973);辽宁省教育厅科学研究项目(LSNYB201609)。

摘　　要：为有效评价辽河干流新民段表层沉积物重金属的污染状况,沿辽河干流河道方向采集11个沉积物样本,测定Cr、Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Pb 6种重金属含量,利用改进的粗糙集条件信息熵权重确定方法与灰色定权聚类评估结合,构建改进的粗糙集-灰色定权聚类综合评价模型。在综合评价的基础上,结合新民地区现状,通过因子分析方法进行了污染源辨析。结果表明:利用改进的粗糙集条件信息熵计算沉积物重金属污染权重时,Cr、Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Pb 6种沉积物重金属的污染权重为0.132,0.151,0.151,0.113,0.233,0.22,其中,Cd、Pb的污染权重相对较高。11个采样点均处于I级(清洁),采样点污染程度排序为10>4>6>11>3>9>2>5>8>1>7。与污染负荷指数法对比,评价结果总体上较为一致,个别采样点也有差异。因子分析提取两个公因子的累积贡献率达到89.72%,公因子1(Cr、Cu、Zn、As、Pb)受自然、工业和交通运输的共同影响,公因子2(Cd)受农业活动、支流汇入的共同影响。改进的粗糙集-灰色定权聚类综合评价模型能够有效解决指标权重主观性强和沉积物重金属污染的不确定性问题,提高了沉积物重金属污染评价的准确性。In order to evaluate the pollution status of heavy metals in the surface sediments of Xinmin section of the main stream of the Liaohe River effectively,we collected 11 sediment samples along the direction of the main stream of the Liaohe River to measure the contents of six heavy metals,including Cr,Cu,Zn,As,Cd,and Pb,the improved rough set condition information entropy weight determination method was combined with gray fixed weight clustering evaluation to build an improved rough set-gray fixed weight clustering comprehensive evaluation model.Based on the comprehensive evaluation and combined with the current situation of Xinmin area,the pollution source was identified through factor analysis.The results showed that:When using the improved rough set condition information entropy to calculate the weight of heavy metal pollution in sediments,Cr,Cu,Zn,As,Cd and Pb pollution weights of the six heavy metals were 0.132,0.151,0.151,0.113,0.233,0.22,the pollution weights of Cd and Pb were relatively higher.The 11 sampling points were all in grade I(clean),and the polluted degree of the sampling pointsorder was10>4>6>11>3>9>2>5>8>1>7.Compared with the pollution load index method,the evaluation results were generally consistent,and individual sampling points were also different.Factor analysis extracted the cumulative contribution rate of the two common factors reached 89.72%,the common factor 1(Cr,Cu,Zn,As,Pb)was affected by the effects of nature,industryand transportation,while the common factor 2(Cd)was affected by agriculture activities and tributaries.The improved rough set-grey fixed weight clustering comprehensive evaluation model can effectively solve the problem of the subjectivity of index weights and the uncertainty of heavy metal pollution in the sediment,which improve the accuracy of heavy metal pollution assessment.

关 键 词：辽河干流 粗糙集 灰色定权聚类 污染源辨析 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]