不同光照制度对瑶山鸡生产性能、蛋品质及血液指标的影响  

Effects of different lighting regimes on production performance,egg quality and blood indexes of Yaoshan laying hens

作　　者：唐继高[1] 李洪曙[1] TANG Jigao;LI Hongshu(Guizhou Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute,Guyang,Guzhou Province 550005,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省畜牧兽医研究所,贵州贵阳550005

出　　处：《中国饲料》2020年第24期24-27,共4页China Feed

基　　金：贵州瑶山鸡、乌蒙凤鸡、柴鸡品系选育研究与应用-1(黔科合支撑20172533-1)。

摘　　要：文章旨在评估生产过程的不同光照制度对瑶山鸡产蛋性能、蛋品质及血液生化指标的影响。试验选择体重和产蛋率接近的22周龄瑶山鸡540只,随机分为3组,每组5个重复,每个重复36只。处理1组蛋鸡采用连续光照制度,即光照强度为20 lx,每天持续光照16 h。处理2和3组蛋鸡采用间歇式光照制度,即光照强度为20 lx,每天的光照时间为16 h,处理2组采用20 min光照+40 min黑暗,处理3组采用40 min光照+20 min黑暗模式,试验经过2周预饲期,正式期为10周。结果:处理2组瑶山鸡的产蛋率和平均蛋重较处理3组分别显著提高了5.6%和8.0%(P<0.05),同时处理2组瑶山鸡料蛋比表现最低,分别较处理1和3组显著降低了3.85%和6.83%(P<0.05)。处理1和2组蛋壳厚度较处理3组均显著提高了6.45%(P<0.05)。处理2组血清总抗氧化力活性较处理1组显著提高了42.04%(P<0.05),同时处理2组血清丙二醛含量较处理3组显著降低了22.73%(P<0.05)。结论:与其他光照制度相比,瑶山鸡采用20 min/h的间歇光照制度最有效,因为20 min/h的间歇光照条件可以改善24~34周龄瑶山鸡的产蛋率、料蛋比、蛋壳厚度和抗氧化性能。The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of different lighting systems on egg production performance,egg quality and blood biochemical indexes of Yaoshan chicken.540 Yaoshan chicken aged 22 weeks with similar weight and egg production rate were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups with 5 replicates in each group and 36 in each replicate.The laying hens in one group were treated with a continuous illumination system,that is,the illumination intensity was 20 lx,and the illumination lasted for 16 h every day.The laying hens in the 2 and 3 groups were treated with intermittent lighting system,that is,the light intensity was 20 lx,and the daily light duration was 16 h.The light intensity was 20 min+40 min darkness in the 2 groups,and the light intensity was 40 min+20 min darkness in the 3 groups.The experiment went through a 2-week pre-feeding period,and the formal period was 10 weeks.Results:The egg production rate and average egg weight of Yaoshan chicken in the 2 groups were significantly increased by 5.6%and 8.0%(P<0.05)compared with that in the 3 groups,and the egg material ratio of Yaoshan chicken in the 2 groups was the lowest,which was significantly reduced by 3.85%and 6.83%(P<0.05)compared with that in the 1 and 3 groups.The thickness of eggshell in group 1 and group 2 was significantly increased by 6.45%compared with that in group 3(P<0.05).The total antioxidant activity of the 2 groups was significantly increased by 42.04%compared with that of the 1 group(P<0.05),and the content of malondialdehyde in the 2 groups was significantly decreased by 22.73%compared with the 3 groups(P<0.05).In conclusion:compared with other lighting systems,the intermittent lighting system of 20 min/h is the most effective,because the intermittent lighting conditions of 20 min/h can improve the egg production rate,feed egg ratio,shell thickness and antioxidant performance of the 24~34 week old Yaoshan chicken.

关 键 词：光照制度 瑶山鸡 生产性能 蛋品质 血液指标 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]