全生育期鉴定筛选耐盐碱花生品种  

Identification and screening of saline-alkali tolerant peanut cultivars during whole growth stage

作　　者：闫彩霞[1] 王娟[1] 赵小波[1] 宋秀霞 姜常松 孙全喜[1] 苑翠玲 张浩[1] 单世华[1] YAN Cai-Xia;WANG Juan;ZHAO Xiao-Bo;SONG Xiu-Xia;JIANG Chang-Song;SUN Quan-Xi;YUAN Cui-Ling;ZHANG Hao;SHAN Shi-Hua(Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao 266100,Shandong,China;Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Mudan District,Heze 274000,Shandong,China;Haiyang Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Yantai 265100,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省花生研究所,山东青岛266100 [2]菏泽市牡丹区农业农村局,山东菏泽274000 [3]海阳市农业技术推广中心,山东烟台265100

出　　处：《作物学报》2021年第3期556-565,共10页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：泰山学者特聘专家(ts201712080);农业科研杰出人才及其创新团队培养(13190194);山东省现代农业产业技术体系(SDAIT-04-02);山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程(CXGC2016A01)资助。

摘　　要：为改善黄河三角洲滨海盐碱地种植结构,扩大花生种植面积,本研究以22个育成的花生品种(系)为材料,测定了全生育期9个性状指标,利用方差分析、相关分析、聚类分析等进行耐盐碱鉴定及耐盐碱指标筛选。结果表明,盐碱胁迫显著降低花生成苗率,明显抑制花生的生长发育和产量形成,不同品种(系)间在9个鉴定指标上存在较大差异。相对单株产量和相对小区产量均与相对地上部干重、相对主茎高、相对侧枝长呈显著正相关,相对小区产量与相对成苗率、相对地下部干重、相对单株产量显著正相关。全部材料可划分为4个耐盐碱级别,其中高度耐盐碱7份(Ⅰ级)、较耐盐碱11份(Ⅱ级)、盐碱胁迫敏感3份(Ⅲ级)、高度敏感1份(Ⅳ级)。筛选出花育9307、花育9312、花育9313、6P03、花育9305及花育6303等适于盐碱地种植的高产品种(系)。本研究表明,相对地上部干重、相对主茎高、相对成苗率、相对单株产量、相对侧枝长、相对地下部干重可作为简单、直观的花生耐盐碱鉴定指标。In order to improve the planting structure of coastal saline-alkali land and enlarge the growing area of peanut in the Yellow River Delta.A total of 22 peanut elite cultivars were tested in saline-alkali area of Dongying in 2016 and 2017.Nine trait indices were separately investigated for five randomly selected individuals during whole growth stage.Variance analysis,correlation analysis and clustering analysis were used to evaluate the saline-alkali tolerance of the materials and to screen saline-alkali tolerant indices.Variance analysis showed that the seedling rates of all cultivars had an obvious decrease compared with those of the control.The growth,development and yield formation were essentially inhibited by saline-alkali stress.There were great differences among tested materials based on nine identification indices.Correlation analysis indicated that RYP and RPY had a significantly positive correlation with RSDW,RMSH and RBL.Additionally,RPY was also obviously related to RSR,RRDW,and RYP.Based on the results of clustering analysis,tested materials were divided into four saline-alkali tolerance grades,in which seven belonged to high tolerant grade Ⅰ,11 to tolerant grade Ⅱ,3 to susceptible grade Ⅲ and 1 to highly susceptible grade Ⅳ.Huayu 9307,Huayu 9312,Huayu 9313,6P03,Huayu 9305 and Huayu 6303 could be widely grown in the coastal saline-alkali area as high yield cultivars.In conclusion,the results suggested that RSDW,RMSH,RSR,RYP,RBL,and RRDW could be taken as simple and intuitive indices in the identification of saline-alkali tolerant peanut genotypes.

关 键 词：花生 全生育期 耐盐碱 高产 鉴定 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]