我国东南沿海地区综合性医院重症监护病房热环境现状及热舒适研究  

Research on the thermal environment and thermal comfort in Intensive Care Units in China’s general hospitals in southeast coastal areas

作　　者：何进椅[1] 陈晓欢[2] 石岚[3] 陈美榕[2] 林秀霞[1] 林风辉[1] 李红[2] HE Jinyi;CHEN Xiaohuan;SHI Lan;CHEN Meirong;LIN Xiuxia;LIN Fenghui;LI Hong(Fourth Department of Critical Care,Fujian Provincial Hospital,350001 Fuzhou,China;Nursing Department,Fujian Provincial Hospital,350001 Fuzhou,China;Second Department of Critical Care,Fujian Provincial Hospital,350001 Fuzhou,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省立医院重症医学四科,福建福州350001 [2]福建省立医院护理部,福建福州350001 [3]福建省立医院重症医学二科,福建福州350001

出　　处：《中华灾害救援医学》2021年第1期737-741,共5页Chinese Journal of Disaster Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解我国东南沿海地区综合性医院重症监护病房热环境现状及患者热舒适情况,为优化医疗物理环境提供依据。方法采用符合国际标准的热环境参数测量仪器,按照标准测量方法对10个综合性ICU的温湿度环境现状进行监测。自制问卷分别对219名在重症监护病房治疗的患者和110名医务人员进行热舒适调查。结果我国东南沿海地区综合性医院重症监护病房温度为23.9℃±0.58℃,相对湿度为51.6%±5.07%,辐射温度为23.6℃±0.95℃,风速为0.11m/s±0.07m/s。患者与医务人员的热舒适情况具有统计学差异(t=42.493,P<0.05),其中患者热感觉、湿感觉及整体舒适感评价得分分别为(0.59±0.34)、(-0.41±0.27)、(-0.34±0.23),整体对热环境满意度为75.8%;医务人员热感觉、湿感觉及整体舒适感评价得分分别为(0.67±0.47)、(-0.35±0.33)、(-0.56±0.38),整体对热环境满意度为72.7%。基于满足患者及医务人员的舒适、健康及节能效益等因素综合考虑,建议我国东南沿海地区综合性医院重症监护病房热环境因素控制范围温度为21℃~24℃,相对湿度为55%~70%。结论我国东南沿海地区综合性医院重症监护病房的热环境参数基本能符合相关要求。开展探索符合我国区域实际情况的舒适性温度和相对湿度范围的调查,可为综合性医院重症监护病房的热环境监测和控制提供参考依据,有助于改善长期停留在重症监护病房的患者和医务人员的舒适感,并为医院提供可以最大限度节约耗能的数据。Objective To investigate the status quo of thermal environment and thermal comfort in Intensive Care Units(ICU)in China’s general hospitals in southeast coastal areas and to provide evidence for optimizing medical physical environment.Methods Thermal environment parameters were monitored by instruments of international standard.The temperature and humidity in ten comprehensive ICUs were monitored according to the standard measurement method.During the same period,a questionnaire survey on thermal comfort was conducted among 219 ICU patients and 110 medical staffs.Results The average temperature,relative humidity,radiation temperature and wind speed in ICUs in China’s southeast coastal areas were 23.9℃±0.58℃,51.6%±5.07%,23.6℃±0.95℃and 0.11 m/s±0.07 m/s respectively.There was statistically significant difference in thermal comfort between patients and medical staff(t=42.493,P<0.05).The patients’scores to thermal sensation,wet sensation and overall comfort were(0.59±0.34),(-0.41±0.27),(-0.34±0.23),and the satisfaction degree to thermal environment was 75.8%.The medical staff’s scores to thermal sensation,wet sensation and overall comfort were(0.67±0.47),(-0.35±0.33),(-0.56±0.38),and the satisfaction degree to thermal environment was 72.7%.Considering patients and medical staff’s comfort,health and energy efficiency,it is recommended that the control range of thermal environmental factors in ICUs in southeastern coastal areas of China is 21℃~24℃,and the relative humidity is 55%~70%.Conclusion The thermal environment parameters in ICUs in the southeast coastal areas of China’s general hospitals have basically met relevant requirements.The exploration of the control range of comfort temperature and relative humidity that conform to certain locality can provide a reference for the monitoring and controlling the thermal environment in ICUs in general hospitals,help to improve the comfortability of patients and medical staff who will stay in ICUs for long periods,and provide hospitals wit

关 键 词：东南沿海 综合性医院 重症监护病房 热环境 热舒适 

分 类 号：R12[医药卫生—环境卫生学]