2019年淄博市城区大气PM2.5污染状况及来源解析  

Pollution status and source analysis of PM2.5 in Zibo City,2019

作　　者：刘晓利[1,2] 王丹 孟超 刘芳盈[1,2] 李平 张殿平[1,2] 邢燕 王勤[1,2] LIU Xiao-li;WANG Dan;MENG Chao;LIU Fang-ying;LI Ping;ZHANG Dian-ping;XING Yan;WANG Qin(Zibo Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zibo,Shandong 255026,China)

机构地区：[1]淄博市疾病预防控制中心,山东255026 [2]淄博市环境有机污染与人群健康监测分析重点实验室

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2021年第1期23-26,43,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：淄博市科技发展计划项目(2017kj010092);山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(2014WS0231)。

摘　　要：目的探讨2019年淄博市城区大气PM2.5污染状况,分析其主要成分及污染来源。方法设置张店区、高新区两个监测点,于每月的10-16号采集大气PM2.5样品,检测PM2.5质量浓度、PM2.5中多环芳烃及重金属含量,采用因子分析法对PM2.5污染来源进行解析。结果 2019年我市主城区平均PM2.5质量浓度0.081 mg/m^3,高于国家环境空气质量二级标准(0.075 mg/m^3),超标率43.45%(73/168)。因子分析法发现我市PM2.5中多环芳烃主要污染来源为燃煤、汽车尾气(张店区和高新区贡献率分别为73.06%、78.29%),其次是工业冶金(张店区和高新区贡献率分别为12.09%、9.49%);张店区PM2.5中重金属主要污染来源为燃煤(贡献率为36.50%),其次是汽车尾气(贡献率为17.37%),高新区PM2.5中重金属主要污染来源为建筑尘/扬尘(贡献率为39.91%),其次是燃煤(贡献率为14.29%)。结论我市大气PM2.5污染水平较重,主要污染来源为燃煤、汽车尾气、工业冶金及建筑尘/扬尘的复合型污染。Objective To explore the pollution status of PM2.5 in Zibo,so as to analyze the main components and pollution sources.Methods Two monitoring pointsin Zhangdian District and Gaoxin District were set up respectively.Atmospheric PM2.5 samples were collected on 10th-16th of each month to detect the mass concentration and PAHs and heavy metals contents of PM2.5.The source was analyzed by using factor analysis method.Results The average concentration of PM2.5 in the main urban area was 0.081 mg/m3,which was higher than the National Environmental Air Quality Standard II(0.075mg/m3),with the excess standard rate of 43.45%(73/168).Factor analysis showed that the main pollution sources of PAHs were coal and automobile exhaust(73.06%of Zhangdian District and 78.29%of Gaoxin District),followed by industrial metallurgy(12.09%of Zhangdian District and 9.49%of Gaoxin District).The main pollution source of heavy metals in Zhangdian District was coal(36.50%),followed by automobile exhaust(17.37%).While the main pollution source of heavy metals in the Gaoxin District was construction dust(39.91%),followed by coal(14.29%).Conclusion The pollution level of PM2.5 in our city is relatively heavy,and the main pollution sources are coal-fired,automobile exhaust,industrial metallurgy and construction dust.

关 键 词：PM2.5 多环芳烃 重金属 因子分析法 

分 类 号：R122.7[医药卫生—环境卫生学]