运用倾向评分匹配法对不同动机初次献血者后续献血行为的调查分析  

Exploring donor returning in first-time donors:differentiating motivational factors using Propensity Score Matching method

作　　者：谢桂芸 谭咏恩[1] 关飞舜[1] 许颖莹 柯蓉蓉[1] 陈锦艳[1] 黎世杰[1] XIE Guiyun;TAN Yongen;GUAN Feishun;XU Yingying;KE Rongrong;CHEN Jinyan;LI Shijie(Guangzhou Medical Key Laboratory,Guangzhou Blood Center 510080,China)

机构地区：[1]广州血液中心,广州市医学重点实验室,血液安全重点实验室,广东广州510095

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2020年第11期1173-1175,共3页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

基　　金：广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(B2019190,A2019204);2019年中国输血协会威高科研基金(CSBT-WG-201906);广州市医学重点学科建设项目(血液安全重点实验室)。

摘　　要：目的了解应急动机初次献血者后续献血行为,为应急条件下献血者个性化保留策略提供参考。方法以汶川地震(2008年5月12日)为界,2008年4月17日-5月11日(对照组)及2008年5月13-20日(应急动机组)广州血液中心街头初次全血献血者为研究对象,以logistic回归模型计算倾向评分值,最邻近匹配法,匹配标准("卡钳值")0.02,精确配对优先,配对比例1∶1,倾向评分法匹配2组性别年龄后,SPSS 24卡方检验对比2组献血者截止至2019年9月5日的再次献血率及再次献血次数构成。结果经倾向评分匹配性别年龄,得到应急动机组及对照组共4 997对精确匹配献血者,卡方检验发现应急动机组献血者后续再次献血人数1 270人(25.42%)较对照组少(P<0.05)。2组后续再次献血1次,2-3次,>3次献血者人数构成比无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论应急动机对献血行为的影响持续性较短,其关键保留截点在于初次献血到第2次献血期间。采供血机构需要特别针对该部分初次献血者给予比日常初次献血者更加积极的保留措施,以将其转化为日常献血者,从而增加稳定的血液供应。Objective To understand the returning of first-time blood donors with different motivational factors, so as to provide references for targeted retention strategies for blood donors recruited under emergent events. Methods Taking Wenchuan earthquake(May 12, 2008) as time boundary, first-time whole blood donors at street blood donation sites from April 17 to May 11, 2008(control group) and May 13 to 20, 2008(altruistic motivation group) were selected as subjects.Logistic regression model was used to calculate the propensity score. According to the nearest neighbor matching method, the matching criterion(i.e.caliper value) was 0.02, the and the matching ratio was 1∶1. After matching gender and age of donors in two groups using Propensity Score Matching method, the incidence of repeat blood donation and number of blood donations of the two groups before September 5, 2019 was compared by SPSS 24 chi-square test and t test. Results After Propensity Score Matching 4 997 pairs of blood donors in the altruistic motivation group and the control group were matched with gender and age. The chi-square test showed that 1 270(25.42%) donors in the altruistic motivation group returned for donation, which was significantly less than those in the control group(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the frequency of returning blood donations(once, two to three donations, and more than three donations) between the two groups(P>0.05). Conclusion The second presentation after the first donation is crucial in such first-time donor retention as the initial altruistic motivation on blood donation is short-lasting. More targeted retention measures should be taken to such donors in order to increasing blood availabililty by converting them into regular blood donors.

关 键 词：初次献血者 动机 保留 倾向评分 

分 类 号：R193.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]