CO2浓度升高对籼、粳稻光合生理和根系生长的影响  

Effects of increased CO2 concentration on the photosynthetic physiology and root growth of indica and japonica rice

作　　者：陶文辉 王丹[1] TAO Wenhui;WANG Dan(School of Applied Meteorology,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2021年第1期27-35,共9页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31500503,31770485);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20150849);国际科技合作基金项目(2012DFA60830)。

摘　　要：[目的]本文旨在通过测定CO2浓度升高下粳稻和籼稻根系生长特性、光合特征、氮含量、生物量和产量等指标,阐明CO2浓度升高对2个品种水稻生理特征和生长的影响,以及水稻根系特性与光合适应的关系。[方法]利用开顶式气室(OTC)组成的CO2浓度自动调控平台,以水稻品种‘武运粳30’和‘扬稻6号’作为试验材料,以环境CO2浓度为对照(CK),在CK基础上增加200μmol·mol-1(T)为处理,测定和分析2个品种水稻生物量、产量、光合特性和根系特征。[结果]‘扬稻6号’根系生长参数对CO2浓度响应程度高于‘武运粳30’,‘扬稻6号’高CO2浓度处理下比CK处理根系长度和根系表面积分别增加21.8%和15.1%,而‘武运粳30’分别增加7.3%和11.1%,且‘武运粳30’后期根系生长参数增加不明显;‘扬稻6号’较早出现光合适应现象,而‘武运粳30’光合适应现象在生长后期才明显;‘武运粳30’根长及根系表面积与光合参数显著相关,而‘扬稻6号’均无相关性;T处理‘武运粳30’根系氮含量较‘扬稻6号’在生育后期明显增加;‘扬稻6号’地上部干重T处理较CK明显增加;在CK和T处理下,‘扬稻6号’根系干重均高于‘武运粳30’;CO2浓度升高提高了水稻产量。[结论]高CO2浓度处理2个品种水稻最大羧化速率(V cmax)和根系氮含量均呈下降趋势,而水稻总根长和根系表面积呈增加趋势,‘武运粳30’根长和根系表面积对光合指标的变化有积极响应。[Objectives]By measuring the root growth characteristics,photosynthetic characteristics,nitrogen content,biomass and yield of japonica and indica rice under elevated CO2 concentration,this study aimed to clarify the effect of elevated CO2 concentration on rice physiological characteristics and growth,and the relationship between rice root characteristics and photosynthetic down-regulation.[Methods]Using open top air chamber platform,CO2 was set at current atmospheric CO2 level(CK)and 200μmol·mol-1 above CK(T).Two rice varieties,‘Wuyunjing 30’and‘Yangdao 6’were selected to measure the photosynthetic characteristics,root growth,above-ground biomass and yield.[Results]The degree of the response of root morphological parameters of‘Yangdao 6’to CO2 concentration was more pronounced compared with‘Wuyunjing 30’.Under high CO2 concentration,‘Yangdao 6’increased root length and root surface area by 21.8%and 15.1%,respectively,while‘Wuyunjing 30’increased by 7.3%and 11.1%,respectively.‘Wuyunjing 30’root morphological parameters did not increase significantly in the late growing season.‘Yangdao 6’had photosynthetic down-regulation earlier in the growing season,while‘Wuyunjing 30’had that in the late growing season.The root length and root surface area of‘Wuyunjing 30’had significant correlations with photosynthetic parameters,but no such correlation was found for‘Yangdao 6’.Elevated CO2 increased the dry matter weight of‘Yangdao 6’.Under CK and T treatments,the dry matter weight of root of‘Yangdao 6’were higher than those of‘Wuyunjing 30’.The yield of the two rice varieties was significantly different under different CO2 concentration levels,and the rice yield increased significantly at elevated CO2 concentrations.[Conclusions]Elevated CO2 increased the above-ground and root biomass and yield,and the effects differed between the two rice varieties.Under high CO2 treatment,both the maximum carboxylation efficiency(V cmax)and root nitrogen content of rice decreased,whi

关 键 词：CO2浓度 根系表面积 根总长 光合生理 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]