17-4PH航空紧固件表面氧化皮去除工艺研究  

Study on the Removal Process of Oxide Scale on the 17-4PH Aviation Fasteners

作　　者：鲁文婷 陈亚军[1] 刘燕 汪科宇 胡博策 张汛涛 LU Wenting;CHEN Yajun;LIU Yan;WANG Keyu;HU Boce;ZHANG Xuntao(Sino-European Institute of Aviation Engineering,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China;Aerospace Precision Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学中欧航空工程师学院,天津300300 [2]航天精工股份有限公司,天津300300

出　　处：《电镀与精饰》2021年第1期47-54,共8页Plating & Finishing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11972364);中国民航大学创新创业训练计划优秀培育项目资助(IEK⁃CAUC2019008)。

摘　　要：17-4PH航空紧固件生产工艺中要经过1040℃固溶处理及520℃时效处理,为了优化热处理中形成的缺陷氧化皮的去除工艺,本文研究了五种电解酸洗与超声清洗协同方式对去除效率的影响规律,并采用扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪以及X射线衍射仪对氧化皮的微观形貌及物相结构进行了表征。结果表明,经过固溶与时效处理后,紧固件表面存在缺陷的氧化皮主要成分为Fe3O4与Fe2O3,呈疏松多孔状;影响氧化皮去除效率的电解酸洗工艺因素依次为电流密度、电解液温度和电解液浓度。五种方式中,超声清洗的氧化皮去除效率最低,超声清洗与电解酸洗交替的去除效率最高。35℃下超声清洗与电解酸洗交替较75℃的电解酸洗效率更高。The production processes of 17-4PH aviation fasteners needs to go through solid solution heat treatment under 1040℃and ageing treatment under 520℃.In order to optimize the removal process of defective oxide scale formed in heat treatment,the effects of five synergistic methods of electrolytic pick⁃ling and ultrasonic cleaning on the removal efficiency were studied.The microstructure and phase struc⁃ture of oxide scale were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction.The result shows that after solid solution heat treatment and aging treatment,the oxide scale with defects on the surface of fasteners mainly consists of Fe3O4 and Fe2O3,which is loose and porous.The efficiency of oxide scale removal by electrolytic pickling process with different parame⁃ters is ranked from high to low:current density,electrolyte temperature,electrolyte concentration.Among the five synergistic methods,the removal efficiency of ultrasonic cleaning is the lowest,and that of alternating ultrasonic cleaning and electrolytic pickling is the highest.The efficiency of alternating ul⁃trasonic cleaning and electrolytic pickling at 35℃is higher than that of pure electrolytic pickling at 75℃.

关 键 词：17-4PH不锈钢 航空紧固件 氧化皮 电解酸洗 超声清洗 

分 类 号：V261.93[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]