沅江常德段蚬属贝类的谱系、倍性与性别特征  

CHARACTERISTICS OF LINEAGE,PLOIDY AND SEX OF CORBICULA CLAMS FROM THE YUAN RIVER IN CHANGDE CITY

作　　者：占江凡 裴宏谦 李科静 皮杰 曾聪 李德亮[1] ZHAN Jiang-Fan;PEI Hong-Qian;LI Ke-Jing;PI Jie;ZENG Cong;LI De-Liang(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;College of Agriculture and Forest Science and Technology,Hunan Applied Technology University,Changde 415000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院,长沙410128 [2]湖南应用技术学院农林科技学院,常德415000

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2021年第1期125-131,共7页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31772832);湖南省科技计划项目(2017NK2291);湖南省现代农业产业技术体系项目(湘农发[2019]105号)资助。

摘　　要：研究以沅江常德段蚬Corbicula为例,采用线粒体COⅠ分子标记对其进行谱系构建,梳理谱系与形态、倍性、性别和遗传多样性之间的关系,以期为蚬属的系统分类和生殖特征研究提供理论参考。结果显示,99条COⅠ序列(526 bp)中存在12个单倍型,共有17个变异位点,单倍型多样性、核苷酸多样性和平均核苷酸差异数分别为0.599、0.01236和6.503。12个单倍型在系统进化树中被聚为独立的两支(谱系RA和RlcB),但谱系间壳长、壳高和壳宽没有显著差异(P>0.05)。99个样品中有二倍体50个、三倍体49个、雌雄同体71个、雌性21个、雄性7个。卡方检验发现,谱系与性别及倍性与性别之间均存在显著的相关性(P<0.05)。谱系RlcB的单倍型数、变异位点数、单倍型多样性、核苷酸多样和平均核苷酸变异数均高于谱系RA。结果表明,虽然形态、倍性、性别和遗传多样性在谱系RA和RlcB蚬之间存在一定的差异,但均不足以作为区分两个谱系的生物学特征,而不同谱系是否为不同的种还有待于进一步的证实。Due to the extraordinary range of morphological change and plasticity,coexistence of synonyms in genus Corbicula has been proposed.Meanwhile,diversified reproductive modes and polyploidies furtherly complexed the classification of genus Corbicula,which should be solved using more comprehensive and integrated methods.In order to deduce the systematic classification and study the reproductive mode of genus Corbicula clams,the lineages of genus Corbicula clams in the Changde City section of Yuan River was constructed based on mitochondrial COⅠmaker,and the relationships,morphology,ploidy,sex and genetic diversity in this study were analyzed.The results showed that 17 variation sites in 12 COⅠhaplotypes were detected in 99 COⅠsequences(526 bp),and the haplotype diversity,nucleotide diversity,and mean nucleotide variation were 0.599,0.01236 and 6.503,respectively.All Corbicula clams were classified into two separate clades based on the phylogenetic tree,respectively,corresponding to the previously reported lineage RA and RlcB,but the shell length,shell height,and shell width were not different significantly between lineages(P>0.05).Of 99 specimens analyzed,there were 50 diploids,49 triploids,71 hermaphrodites,21 females,and 7 males.Chi-square tests detected significant relationships between lineage and sex(P=0.004)and between ploidy and sex(P=0.005).The number of haplotypes,total number of variable sites,nucleotide diversity,and mean number of nucleotide variation of lineage RlcB were higher than those of lineage RA.All above results showed that RA and RlcB have some differences in morphology,ploidy,sex,and genetic diversity,but all these biological characteristics were not enough to discriminate Corbicula clams from other lineages,and more directed and robust evidences should be used to further confirm that lineage RA and RlcB belong to two different species.

关 键 词：蚬属 谱系 形态 倍性 雌雄同体 雌雄异体 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：Q959.21[生物学—动物学]