辽西半干旱区典型城市土壤入渗特性  

Infiltration characteristics of urban soil in semi-arid area of western Liaoning province

作　　者：李坤衡 吕刚 秦伟[2] 马君蕙 李叶鑫 LI Kunheng;Lü Gang;QIN Wei;MA Junhui;LI Yexin(College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, 123000, Fuxin,Liaoning, China;Department of Sediment Research, China Institute of Water Resource and Hydropower Research, 100048, Beijing, China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学环境科学与工程学院,辽宁阜新123000 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院泥沙所,北京100048

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2020年第6期53-61,共9页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“辽河上游缓冲带对农业非点源污染的阻控作用研究”(41501548)。

摘　　要：为揭示辽西半干旱区典型城市土壤的入渗特性及影响因素,以阜新市为例,采用野外双环入渗和室内分析相结合的方法,针对8种不同类型城市土壤的理化性质和入渗特性进行系统分析,并进行入渗模型拟合。结果表明:阜新市城市土壤密度为1.23~1.44 g/cm3,土壤整体呈现有机质质量分数低、砂粒比例高(均>72%)和土壤黏性差的特点;城区内土壤与城郊原生土壤相比,土壤紧实度和质地均存在显著差异;公园绿地重塑土稳定入渗率为2.04 mm/min,与城郊原生土稳定入渗速率间差异不显著,是其他类型城市土壤的1.15~4.00倍。不同类型城市土壤的稳定入渗率与密度呈显著负相关,与总孔隙度呈显著正相关;不同类型城市土壤入渗过程的回归模型的拟合优度依次为Horton模型>Kostiakov模型>Philip模型,Horton模型可作为模拟和预测阜新城市土壤入渗过程的最优模型;阜新市城市土壤稳定入渗速率等级分布相对集中,较慢和中等入渗速率级别分别占12.5%和75.0%,城市土壤入渗能力较低;增加城市绿地面积和增强城市绿地的管理维护改善土壤结构是提升城市土壤水源涵养功能的关键。[Background]In order to reveal the infiltration characteristics and influencing factors of typical urban soils in semi-arid areas of western Liaoning,taking Fuxin city located in the western Liaoning region as an example,the infiltration capacity of urban soil in Fuxin city and its influencing factors were studied,from the angle of the soil infiltration to discuss the reason of urban waterlogging in western Liaoning flood season.[Methods]The method of combining the field double ring infiltration with the indoor analysis was used to systematically analyze the physical and chemical properties and infiltration characteristics of eight different types of urban soils,Using Horton model,Kostiakov model and Philip model,the urban soil infiltration was fitted by Origin 9.1 software.[Results]The bulk density of urban soil in Fuxin is 1.23-1.44 g/cm3,and the bulk density of green land is the smallest.The overall soil shows the characteristics of low organic matter content,high sand content(all above 72%)and poor soil viscosity.Compared with the original soil in the suburb,the soil compactness and texture in urban area are significantly different.The stable infiltration rate of remolded soil of park green space is 2.04 mm/min,which is not significantly different from the stable infiltration rate of primary soil in suburb,which is 1.15-4.00 times of that of other types of urban soil.The stable infiltration rate of different types of urban soil is negatively related to bulk density,positively related to total porosity.The goodness of fitting regression models for different types of urban soil infiltration process is Horton model>Kostiakov model>Philip model,Horton model can be used as the best model to simulate and predict the urban soil infiltration process in Fuxin.In Fuxin city,the distribution of stable infiltration rate grades of urban soil is relatively concentrated,with slow and medium infiltration rate grades accounting for 12.5%and 75.0%respectively,and the infiltration capacity of urban soil is weak.[Conculsions]Hum

关 键 词：城市土壤 入渗特性 城市绿地 入渗模型 土壤水文 

分 类 号：S152.7+2[农业科学—土壤学]