国际关系理论中的个人——女性主义视角下的国际关系主体再探讨  

The Individuals in International Relations:A Feminist Discussion on the Subject of International Relations

作　　者：张萍[1] ZHANG Ping(Social Sciences in China Press, Beijing 100026, China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学杂志社,北京100026

出　　处：《山东女子学院学报》2021年第2期11-19,共9页Journal of Shandong Women＇s University

摘　　要：自1919年作为学科的国际关系理论在西方诞生以来,主权国家一直是国际关系的主体,个人仅是作为国家这个单元的组成部分而存在于国际关系理论之中。然而,在日益互联的新媒体时代,越来越多政治意识和自我意识被激活的个人参与到国际政治互动中,并因此正在改变着国际政治系统中的“单元成分”。如果国际关系理论对个人的研究仍继续囿于如何使政治领袖,以及参与、影响决策的精英作出理性的抉择,显然不合时宜。在此背景下,女性主义国际关系理论,特别是后现代女性主义国际关系理论对个人的关注显得意义重大。通过对国家、权力和女性乃至更广泛的个体身份三个方面的再认识,后现代女性主义将个人带回到国际关系理论视野。而从后现代女性主义国际关系理论提出的“关系国际”出发,重构个人作为“独立国际人格者”的国际关系主体性,可以更好地拓展国际关系理论的视野和方法。As a discipline,the theory of international relations was born in the West in 1919.Since then,sovereign states have always been the main subject of international relations,and individuals only exist in the theory of international relations as a part of state.However,in the increasingly interconnected new media era,more and more individuals whose political consciousness and self-consciousness are activated participate in the international political interaction,and therefore are changing the“unit elements”in the international political system.It is obviously out of date,if the study of individuals in international relations theory is still limited to how to make political leaders and elites who participate in and influence decision-making to make rational choices.Under this ground,feminist international relations theory,especially postmodern feminist international relations theory,is of great significance to the individual.Through the re-recognition of the state,power,women and even the broader individual identity,postmodern feminism brings the individual back to the perspective of international relations theory.And from the perspective of“relationship international”put forward by postmodern feminist international relations theory,reconstructing the subjectivity of individual as an“independent international personality”in international relations can better expand the vision and methods of international relations theory.

关 键 词：个人 主体 独立国际人格者 国际关系 后现代女性主义 

分 类 号：D80[政治法律—外交学]