上海地区某高校办公室人员位移及空调器使用行为研究  

Personnel Movement and Air Conditioner Usage Behavior for a University Office in Shanghai

作　　者：周翔[1] 许玲 谢建彤 何玲 张静思[1] 吴泽君 潘毅群[1] ZHOU Xiang;XU Ling;XIE Jiantong;HE Ling;ZHANG Jingsi;WU Zejun;PAN Yiqun(School of Mechanical Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学机械与能源工程学院,上海200092

出　　处：《建筑科学》2020年第12期1-7,73,共8页Building Science

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划“建筑全性能仿真平台内核开发”(2017YFC0702200)资助;“十三五”国家重点研发计划专项资助(2018YFC0704500);陕西省重点研发计划项目资助(2018ZDCXL-SF-03-05)。

摘　　要：选取了上海地区某高校办公室进行了全年的人员在室和空调器使用情况现场测试,获得人员位移模型和冬夏季空调器供冷供暖开关动作概率模型的模型参数,其中人员位移模型采用基于马尔可夫链和事件的模型,人员动作模型采用基于条件控制的人员动作触发概率模型。使用De ST软件进行了位移、动作和能耗的模拟。本研究获得的人员位移及空调器使用行为特征和描述参数,可以为夏热冬冷地区科研型办公环境空调器使用行为研究提供依据。调研发现高校科研办公室人员在室时间更长、夏季房间高于23℃就有空调器供冷行为发生、冬季房间温度达到23℃才不会出现开空调器供暖的动作、存在离开忘关空调器的现象,这种背景下单位面积全年空调器能耗高达155 kW·h/(m^2·a)。The annual personnel movement and air conditioner usage conditions in a Shanghai university office were tested by using the personnel movement model of Markov chain and events and the action probability triggering model.The description parameters of the personnel movement model and the action probability triggering model of on-off air conditioner action in summer and winter were later obtained.The results were verified through simulation with DeST software.The description parameters of personnel movement and air conditioner usage behavior for the typical university office in Shanghai can provide a basis for the future research on air conditioning behavior in research offices in China’s hot-summer and cold-winter regions.The findings reveals that the office staff in higher education research spent more time in the room;the air conditioners were used to cool rooms after the room temperature exceeded 23 ℃ in summer;the air conditioners were not used to heat rooms after the room temperature reached 23 ℃ in winter;some office workers forgot to turn off air conditioners when leaving the office.In this context,the annual energy consumption per unit area was as much as 155 kW·h/( m^2·a).

关 键 词：空调 科研办公室 现场调研 行为模型 建筑模拟 

分 类 号：TU831[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]