2006—2018年上海市徐汇区麻疹流行病学特征  

Epidemiological Characteristics of Measles in Xuhui District of Shanghai from 2006 to 2018

作　　者：龚睿婕 刘敏[1] 高燕红[1] 刘景壹[1] 陈远方[1] 周祺[1] 茅淑倩 吴强松[1] Gong Ruijie;Liu Min;Gao Yanghong;Liu Jingyi;Chen Yuanfang;Zhou Qi;Mao Shuqian;Wu Qiangsong(Xuhui District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200237,China;School of Public Health,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200025,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市徐汇区疾病预防控制中心,上海200237 [2]上海交通大学医学院公共卫生学院,上海200025

出　　处：《健康教育与健康促进》2020年第6期685-687,690,共4页Health Education and Health Promotion

基　　金：上海市徐汇区医学科研项目(SHXH201945)。

摘　　要：目的了解上海市徐汇区麻疹病例流行病学特征,为调整下阶段麻疹防控策略提供数据基础及相应建议。方法采用描述性流行病学方法分析2006—2018年上海市徐汇区麻疹病例的三间分布及流行特征。结果2006—2018年上海市徐汇区麻疹平均年发病率1.23/105,呈下降趋势。麻疹发病时间呈现季节性,无明显地域分布差异。186例麻疹病例男女比1.30∶1,37.57%为散居儿童。本市户籍平均年发病率(0.70/105)低于外省户籍人口(2.73/105,P>0.05)。发病人群集中于30~39岁(21.51%)及0~7月龄(20.97%)。51.61%麻疹病例含麻疹成分疫苗免疫史空白,40.32%免疫史不详。结论上海市徐汇区麻疹发病率处于较低水平。建议引导公众正确认识疫苗,维持含麻疹成分疫苗高接种率;继续推进补充免疫活动,建立全人群免疫屏障;针对重点人群制订其相应的免疫政策;谨防输入病例。Objective To describe the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Xuhui District of Shanghai,and to provide data basis and corresponding suggestions for the adjustment of measles prevention and control strategies in the next stage.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the distribution and flow characteristics of measles cases in Xuhui District of Shanghai from 2006 to 2018.Results The average annual incidence of measles in Xuhui District of Shanghai from 2006 to 2018 was 1.23/105,showing a downward trend.The onset time of measles was seasonal,and there was no significant difference in regional distribution.The ratio of male to female was 1.30 to 1 in 186 measles cases,and 37.57%of them were children living at home.The average incidence of local residents(0.70/105)was lower than that of non-registered residents(2.73/105,P>0.05).The incidence of measles was concentrated in the group of 30-39 years old(21.51%)and the group of 10-7 months old(20.97%).51.61%of measles cases had no immune history of measles vaccine,and 40.32%had unknown immune history.Conclusion The incidence of measles in Xuhui District of Shanghai is at a low level.It is suggested that the public should understand the vaccine correctly and maintain the high vaccination rate of measles component vaccines,and continue to promote catch-up vaccination campaign,establish immune barriers in the whole population,formulate corresponding immunization policies for susceptible populations,and beware of imported cases.

关 键 词：麻疹 流行病学特征 消除麻疹 

分 类 号：R511.1[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]