论球员转会协议理论与实践中的法律问题  

Legal Issues in Theory and Practice of Footballer Transfer Agreement

作　　者：董金鑫[1] DONG Jinxin(School of Humanities& Law, China Univ. of Petroleum, Qingdao266580, China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)文法学院,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《武汉体育学院学报》2021年第1期44-50,共7页Journal of Wuhan Sports University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目(18FFX060)。

摘　　要：在足球劳动合同到期后球员即可自由转会的现行转会制度下,球员转会协议在体育和经济层面仍存在充分的现实必要。由于规则层面的缺陷、实践层面的误解以及学理层面的不足,球员转会协议的法律性质仍然存在不明,甚至直接造成法律争议的发生。对涉事的两家俱乐部而言,球员转会协议并非所谓球员的“联盟权”或经济权的交易,而是为实现希望加盟新俱乐部的球员注册变更的重要先决条件,即主要通过支付转会费的方式换取原俱乐部解除未到期的足球劳动合同之同意;对球员与俱乐部而言,经球员确认的转会协议构成他们之间的劳动合同的附条件解除。现行转会制度层面下的足球劳动关系的人身隶属性与足球劳动合同的稳定性乃是球员转会协议存在的诱因,全面系统地分析俱乐部竞争性的平衡与球员劳动权益的保护有助于解决球员转会协议实践中发生的争议。Under the current transfer system,a footballer can be freely transferred after the expiration of football labor contract,but the footballer transfer agreement still has a sufficient practical necessity in the level of sports and economy.Due to the defects at the rule,the misunderstanding at the practical level,and the lack of academic level and its legal nature remain unclear,and directly leading to legal disputes.For the two clubs involved,the footballer transfer agreement is not a so-called transaction of footballer's"federative rights"or economic rights.In fact,it is an important prerequisite for the completion of registration change of a footballer who wishes to join the new club,i.e,paying transfer fee in exchange for the consent of the former club to cancel the unexpired football labor contract.For the footballer and club,the transfer agreement confirmed by the footballer constitutes the conditional termination of labor contract between them.The personal attribute of football labor relations and the stability of football labor contract under the current transfer system are incentives for existence of footballer transfer agreement.A systematic analysis of the competitive balance between clubs and the protection of player's labor rights will help to resolve disputes in the practice of footballer transfer agreement.

关 键 词：球员转会协议 足球劳动合同 国际足联 转会制度 博斯曼案 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]