中国性别选择性人工流产的新趋势  

A New Trend of Sex-Selective Abortion in China

作　　者：王朋岗 汪朦 杨胜慧[2] WANG Penggang;WANG Meng;YANG Shenghui(Institute of Population Studies,School of Economics,Hebei University,Baoding 071000,China;Chinese Population and Development Research Center,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]河北大学经济学院人口研究所,河北保定071000 [2]中国人口与发展研究中心,北京100081

出　　处：《人口与社会》2021年第1期82-92,共11页Population and Society

摘　　要：对2017年全国生育状况调查数据进行分析,发现30~44岁、居住在农村、受教育程度低、工作单位为非国有企业与从事个体行业、收入和受教育程度低于丈夫、租房的妇女的性别选择性人工流产比例更高。性别人流指数的年代变化与我国生育政策的调整息息相关,伴随着生育政策的逐渐放宽和性别平等意识的加强以及人们生育观念的改变,性别选择性人流总体呈现减弱的趋势,但将2017年生育状况调查数据与2001年相关数据进行对比,发现农村已有两个女孩的家庭中,妇女的性别人流指数反而出现了上升情况,而城市已有一个女儿的家庭中,妇女的性别人流指数和生育子女的出生性别比都出现升高状况,可见“男孩偏好”依旧存在。By analyzing the 2017 National Fertility survey data,it is found that women aged 30-44,living in rural areas,with low education and working in non-state-owned enterprises or self-employed,with incomes and education levels lower than their husbands and renting houses had a higher rate of sex-selective abortion.The chronological change of the index of sex-selective abortion is closely related to the adjustment of China s fertility policy.With the gradual loose of fertility policy,the development of gender consciousness and the change of people s conception of fertility,the sex-selective abortion shows a trend of generally weakening.However,a comparison of the 2017 fertility survey data with the 2001 data shows that in rural households with two girls,the index of sex-selective abortion has actually increased,while in urban families with one daughter,the index of sex-selective abortion and the sex ratio at birth have both increased.Therefore,boy preference still exists.

关 键 词：性别选择性人工流产 性别人流指数 性别偏好 出生性别比 人口结构失衡 生育文化 

分 类 号：C92[社会学—人口学]