太阳系边际的能量粒子探测  

Detection of Energetic Particles in the Outer Heliosphere and its Boundaries

作　　者：王玲华[1,2] 宗秋刚[1,2] 任杰 WANG Linghua;ZONG Qiugang;REN Jie(School of Space and Earth Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Research Center of Planetary and Space Science,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871 [2]北京大学行星与空间科学研究中心,北京100871

出　　处：《深空探测学报（中英文）》2020年第6期567-573,共7页Journal Of Deep Space Exploration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41774183,41861134033,41421003);民用航天“十三五”技术预先研究日球层边际探测重要科学问题资助项目(D020301)。

摘　　要：太阳系能量粒子的起源、加速及传播一直是物理学和空间物理学的重要前沿课题。太阳系边际探测将为研究这一前沿课题提供至关重要的信息。在太阳系边际区域,源自太阳系的能量粒子主要分为两类:太阳风超热粒子和能量中性原子(Energetic Neutral Atoms,ENA)。这些能量粒子对太阳系边际的形态和动力学过程会有很强的调制作用。但是,现在仍然缺乏对太阳风超热粒子的高精度就位探测和对太阳系边际的高精度ENA成像这些关键观测手段。基于STEREO卫星上的STE仪器对太阳风超热粒子的高精度探测和对地球磁层的高精度ENA探测,建议采用低能量阈值的新一代半导体探测器,结合已成熟的调制狭缝成像系统,以实现对太阳系边际(和顺访行星的磁层)的高精度ENA成像和对太阳风超热粒子的高精度就位探测。这些高精度观测将会为认识太阳系与星际介质之间相互作用的动力学演化和太阳系能量粒子的起源、加速及传播这些前沿课题提供关键信息。The origin,acceleration and propagation of energy particles in the heliosphere/solar system has always been one of key frontier topics in physics and space physics.An exploration of the outer heliosphere and local interstellar medium will provide crucial information to investigate this frontier topic.In its boundaries,the energy particles originating from the heliosphere are mainly divided into two groups:solar wind suprathermal particles and energy neutral atoms(ENAs).These energy particles can strongly mediate the morphology and dynamics of the outer boundaries of heliosphere.However,key observations is still lacking,suah as in-situ detection of solar wind suprathermal particles and ENA imaging in the outer boundaries of heliosphere.Based on the high-resolution detection of solar wind suprathermal particles and high-resolution ENA imaging of the Earth’s magnetosphere by the STE instrument on the STEREO satellite,a new-generation semiconductor detectors with low energy thresholds is proposed,combined with the RHESSI’s imaging concept to achieve the ENA imaging and in situ observations of suprathermal particles with high time,energy and angle resolutions in the outer heliosphere.These observations will provide key information to understand the dynamic evolution of the interaction between the heliopshere and local interstellar medium,as well as the origin,acceleration,and propagation of energy particles in the heliosphere.

关 键 词：能量粒子 太阳系边际 空间粒子探测 

分 类 号：P35[天文地球—空间物理学]