人人都可能是作恶者:《被掩埋的巨人》政治哲学解读  

Everyone Could Be An Evil Doer:Reading The Buried Giant as A Political Allegory

作　　者：高洋 Gao Yang(School of Foreign Languages,Xidian University,Xi’an 710071 China)

机构地区：[1]西安电子科技大学外国语学院,西安710071

出　　处：《西安文理学院学报（社会科学版）》2020年第4期26-32,共7页Journal of Xi’an University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：西安电子科技大学基本科研业务费项目:文学想象与隐喻叙事下的冲突世界——石黑一雄小说研究(RW180118);西安电子科技大学教育教学改革重点项目:思政元素融入外语教学路径探索研究(B18031);西安电子科技大学研究生教育教学改革项目:英语人文通识类课程的多模态教学实践研究(JGY1806)。

摘　　要：《被掩埋的巨人》是作家关注局部战争和冲突世界,对人类战争与和平、民族融合与民族仇恨等宏大主题试图做出理性思考,在遥远古代荒蛮大地上展开的文学想象与政治讽喻。小说情节看似魔幻,却再一次书写个体命运在战争屠杀面前的无力挣扎与抗争悲剧。小说文本与汉娜·阿伦特政治哲学话语互文解读,小说中的高文徒有骑士之名,既无青春勇武的骑士体格,亦无诚实高贵的骑士品质;只知恪尽职守,愚忠效命,是又一个艾希曼式的“无思之人”,犯下“平庸的恶”之罪责。小说讲述一个无关于时代,无关于地域的寓言:人人都可能是作恶者,彰显小说家的个体反思与人文关怀。Kazuo Ishiguro,in The Buried Giant,has his rational thinking of some grand themes such as war and peace,ethnical fusion and hatred,based on regional combats and world conflicts,and then gives the rein to his literary imagination in the savage ancient land and fictionalizes a political allegory.The story seems to be fantastically unreal,yet it is about individuals’unfulfilled struggling and fighting against their fate in wars and killings in the real world.Based on the intertextuality between the fictional text and Hannah Arendt’s political philosophy,the paper extends that Sir Gawain,without neither physical beauty such as youth and strength,nor virtues such as honesty and integrity,is a person without“thoughtfulness”,who blindly devotes himself to duties and thus commits a crime with“banality of evil”,like Adolf Eichmann observed and reported by Hannah Arendt.The novelist has his self-examinations and humanistic concerns in this allegorical story of no specific time or space:everyone could be an evil doer.

关 键 词：政治寓言 阿伦特 无思 平庸的恶 普通人 

分 类 号：I106.4[文学—世界文学]