ADP-ribosylhydrolases:from DNA damage repair to COVID-19  

作　　者：Lily YU Xiuhua LIU Xiaochun YU 

机构地区：[1]Westridge School,Pasadena,California 91105,USA [2]Institute of Life Science and Green Development,College of Life Science,Hebei University,Baoding 071002,China [3]School of Life Sciences,Westlake University,Hangzhou 310024,China

出　　处：《Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)》2021年第1期21-30,共10页浙江大学学报（英文版）B辑（生物医学与生物技术）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81874160);the Foundation of Hebei Educational Committee(No.ZD2020183);the Ministry of Education Chunhui Project;the Hebei Province Foundation for Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars(No.C20200303);the research funds from Westlake University,Hangzhou,China。

摘　　要：Adenosine diphosphate(ADP)-ribosylation is a unique post-translational modification that regulates many biological processes,such as DNA damage repair.During DNA repair,ADP-ribosylation needs to be reversed by ADP-ribosylhydrolases.A group of ADP-ribosylhydrolases have a catalytic domain,namely the macrodomain,which is conserved in evolution from prokaryotes to humans.Not all macrodomains remove ADP-ribosylation.One set of macrodomains loses enzymatic activity and only binds to ADP-ribose(ADPR).Here,we summarize the biological functions of these macrodomains in DNA damage repair and compare the structure of enzymatically active and inactive macrodomains.Moreover,small molecular inhibitors have been developed that target macrodomains to suppress DNA damage repair and tumor growth.Macrodomain proteins are also expressed in pathogens,such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).However,these domains may not be directly involved in DNA damage repair in the hosts or pathogens.Instead,they play key roles in pathogen replication.Thus,by targeting macrodomains it may be possible to treat pathogen-induced diseases,such as coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).

关 键 词：DNA damage repair Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) Adenosine diphosphate(ADP)-ribosylation Macrodomain ADP-ribosylhydrolase deADP-ribosylation 

分 类 号：R563.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统]