打瓜集条机设计与试验  

The Design of a Machine that Concentrates Watermelons into Strips

作　　者：郭振华[1,2] 陈换美[2] Guo Zhenhua;Chen Huanmei(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832000, China;Vocational and Technical College of Bayinguoleng, Korla 841000, China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学机械电气工程学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]巴音郭楞职业技术学院,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《农机化研究》2021年第4期80-84,共5页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：新疆自治区科技厅“天山青年计划”项目(2017Q143);新疆自治区财政扶持农机化发展专项(2018)。

摘　　要：打瓜是新疆地区重要的经济作物,研发适合新疆地区的打瓜收获机械,对提高打瓜收获效率、增加农民经济收益具有非常重要的意义。为此,设计了一种打瓜集条机,利用螺旋输送装置对田间自然分布的打瓜进行集条处理,为打瓜收获创造条件。通过建立数学模型的方式对打瓜集条机螺旋输送装置的转速、直径、螺旋升角等参数进行分析与设计,为打瓜的机械化收获创造条件。田间试验结果表明:在规定作业速度下,当螺旋转速达到120r/min以上时,集条率可达到90%以上;螺旋转速超过160r/min时,打瓜破损率接近或超过5%,破损率超标;当机具作业速度为4km/h、转速120r/min时,集条率为95.7%,打瓜破损率为4.5%,可以取得较好的集条效果,且打瓜破损率满足指标要求。Seed melon is an important economic crop in Xinjiang.It is very important to develop seed melon harvesting machinery suitable for Xinjiang.It is of great significance to improve the efficiency of harvesting melon and increase the economic benefits of farmers.In this paper,a seed melon collecting machine is designed,which uses the screw conveying device to carry out the strip processing of the naturally distributed seed melon in the field,and creates conditions for the melon harvesting.The paper focuses on the theoretical analysis and design of the parameters such as the rotational speed,diameter and spiral angle of the screw conveyor of the melon collecting machine by establishing a mathematical model,which creates conditions for mechanized harvesting of melon.The field test results show that at the specified working speed,when the spiral rotation speed reaches 120r/min or more,the stripping rate can reach more than 90%,when the spiral rotation speed exceeds 160r/min,the breaking rate of the melon is close to or exceeds 5%,and the breaking rate Excessive.When the operating speed of the machine is 4km/h and the speed is 120r/min,the slicing rate is 95.7%,and the breakage rate of the melon is 4.5%.At this time,a better effect of collecting the strip can be achieved,and the breakage rate of the melon can meet the requirements of the index.It shows that the design of the machine is reasonable and can meet the technical requirements of the operation of collecting melons.

关 键 词：打瓜收获 机械化 集条 

分 类 号：S225.92[农业科学—农业机械化工程]