彭罗斯对广义相对论和黑洞理论的贡献  

The contribution for general relativity and black hole theory by R.Penrose

作　　者：赵峥[1] ZHAO Zheng(Department of Physics,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学物理系,北京100875

出　　处：《大学物理》2021年第2期1-11,17,共12页College Physics

摘　　要：这篇文章列出了2020年诺贝尔物理学奖获得者彭罗斯对广义相对论和黑洞理论做出的重要贡献.它包括著名的奇点定理、彭罗斯图、彭罗斯过程和宇宙监督假设等.介绍了彭罗斯和霍金之间的友谊和合作.也简要介绍了另两位2020年诺贝尔物理学奖获得者根泽尔和盖兹对存在于银河系中心的超大质量致密天体的发现.This paper presents the important contribution for general relativity and black hole theory given by R.Penrose who was awarded the 2020 Nobel Prize in physics.That includes the famous singularity theorem,Penrose diagram,Penrose process and the cosmic censorship hypothesis.The friendship and co-operation between R.Penrose and S.W.Hawking are introduced.The discovery of a supermassive compact object at the center of our galaxy by R.Genzel and A.Ghez who were also awarded the 2020 Nobel Prize in physics,is briefly introduced.

关 键 词：黑洞 奇点定理 彭罗斯图 彭罗斯过程 宇宙监督假设 

分 类 号：O4-1[理学—物理]