撒坝母猪产仔性能影响因素分析  

Factors Affecting Reproductive Performance of Saba Sows

作　　者：李明丽[1] 赵宝[1] 李志娟 王孝义[1] 严达伟[1] 任文辉 LI Mingli;ZHAO Bao;LI Zhijuan;WANG Xiaoyi;YAN Dawei;REN Wenhui(College of Animal Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan 650201,China;Fuyuan County Livestock and Poultry Improvement Workstation of Yunnan Province,Qujing,Yunnan 655500,China;Chuxiong Prefecture Pig Breeding Farm of Yunnan Province,Chuxiong,Yunnan 675000,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学动物科学技术学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南省富源县畜禽改良工作站,云南曲靖655500 [3]云南省楚雄州种猪场,云南楚雄675000

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2020年第11期1252-1257,共6页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0501206);云南省现代农业生猪产业技术体系建设项目(2019KJTX0013);云南省科技厅重点研发项目(2018BB003)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨杂交、分娩胎次、配种方式和分娩季节对撒坝母猪产仔性能的影响,以优化撒坝猪的杂交利用与饲养管理,提高撒坝母猪的生产性能和效率。【方法】利用云南省楚雄州种猪场2013~2017年的182胎撒坝母猪、74胎杜洛克×撒坝猪(杜撒)母猪、67胎长白猪×撒坝猪(长撒)母猪的产仔性能记录,采用最小二乘模型分析了撒坝母猪不同杂交组合、分娩胎次、配种方式及分娩季节的产仔性能差异。【结果】杜撒和长撒母猪的总产仔数分别较撒坝母猪提高2.56头(P<0.01)和1.98头(P<0.01),产活仔数分别提高2.36头(P<0.01)和1.99头(P<0.01);第4~6胎撒坝母猪的产仔性能总体上优于其他胎次(P<0.05或P<0.01),其中总产仔数和产活仔数以第6胎最高,第1胎和第9胎最低;采用本交和人工授精的撒坝母猪产仔性能差异不显著(P>0.05);春、夏季分娩的撒坝母猪产仔性能总体上优于秋、冬季分娩的母猪(P<0.05或P<0.01)。【结论】杂交可显著改善撒坝母猪的产仔性能,分娩胎次和季节也会影响母猪产仔性能,配种方式对产仔性能则无显著影响。生产中采用适当的杂交组合、优化猪群胎次结构和分娩季节,可有效改善猪群繁殖和生产效率。【Objective】Reproductive performance of Saba sows affected by the animal breed,parity,mating,and farrowing were investigated to explore means for improvements.【Method】From the 2013-2017 records maintained at Chuxiong Prefecture Pig Breeding Farm in Yunnan province on Saba sows that delivered 182 litters,Duroc×Saba sows(DS)that delivered 67 litters,and Landrace×Saba sows(LS)that delivered 67 litters,the reproductive performances of these sows were compared.The number of parities,insemination methods,and farrowing seasons of the litters by the sows were analyzed using the least square model.【Result】Compared with the Saba sows,DS and LS had 2.56 and 1.98,respectively,more total number born(TNB)(P<0.01)and 2.36 and 1.99,respectively,higher number born alive(NBA)(P<0.01)per litter.In general,the 4th to the 6th parities performed better than the others(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the highest TNB and NBA occurred on the 6th while the lowest on the 1st and 9th parities.No significant differences were found on the performance whether the sows were impregnated by natural service(NS)or artificial insemination(AI)(P>0.05).However,farrowing in spring and summer rendered more desirable results than in autumn and winter(P<0.05 or P<0.01).【Conclusion】The reproductive performance of Saba sows could be improved by cross-breeding and/or farrowing in spring and summer in a year.

关 键 词：撒坝母猪 杂交组合 胎次 分娩季节 配种方式 产仔性能 

分 类 号：S814[农业科学—畜牧学]