基于花粉形态及DNA条形码的中华蜜蜂传粉多样性研究  

Study on Apis cerana cerana pollination diversity basedon bee pollen and DNA barcode

作　　者：吴帆 张莉 周晶 常悦 郎一涵 沈叶萍 王靓 李红亮 WU Fan;ZHANG Li;ZHOU Jing;CHANG Yue;LANG Yihan;SHEN Yeping;WANG Liang;LI Hongliang(Zhejiang Provincal Key Laboratory of Biometrology,Inspection and Quarantine,College ofLife Sciences,China Jiliang University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]中国计量大学生命科学学院浙江省生物计量及检疫检验重点实验室,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《中国计量大学学报》2020年第4期507-513,共7页Journal of China University of Metrology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.32000331,31772544);浙江省自然科学基金项目(No.LQ21C030007);科技部基础资源调查专项项目(No.2018FY100405)。

摘　　要：目的:研究中华蜜蜂(简称中蜂,Apis cerana cerana)访花规律和传粉行为与本地开花植物多样性的关系。方法:在2019年3-5月份,采集中国计量大学校园及周边的开花植物花粉,同时搜集校园内饲养中蜂足部携带的蜂花粉,综合利用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、基因扩增和DNA条形码等技术对蜂花粉进行植物源鉴别及含量分析。结果:中蜂能给37种开花植物中的27种进行传粉,且中蜂单次采粉中花粉较为单一,在花期重叠时,中蜂偏向于为花朵形态较大且易采集的植物传粉。基因扩增可以获得植物源特征目的片段,说明DNA条形码技术可作为花粉鉴定的补充方式。结论:中蜂传粉具有广谱性和多样性,该调查将有利于研究蜜蜂的访花规律以及偏好,为选择蜜蜂进行作物传粉提供理论依据。Aims:The research was performed in order to survey the relationship between Apis cerana cerana(Acc)pollination behavior and flowering plant diversity.Methods:All bee pollen samples were collected from the bee hive reared around China Jiliang University from March to May in 2019,while all flowering plant pollens were also collected during this period.Then,the collected pollens were identified and analyzed by using the optical microscope,the electron microscope and DNA barcode.Results:The results showed that Acc could pollinate 27 of 37 flowering plants;but one bee usually just collected a single flowering plant at a trip.For plants with the same flowering stage,Acc were partial to pollinate some plants with large and effortless collection flowers.The characteristic fragments of plants could be obtained based on gene amplification,indicating that DNA barcode could be used as a supplementary method for pollen identification.Conclusions:Acc pollination has the wide profile and biodiversity;and the survey will help to understand Acc visiting patterns and pollination preferences and will provide theoretical basis for selecting Acc for agricultural pollination.

关 键 词：中华蜜蜂 传粉多样性 蜂花粉 扫描电子显微镜 DNA条形码 

分 类 号：Q969.97[生物学—昆虫学]