领悟社会支持在冠心病患者自尊与焦虑间的中介作用  

Mediating effect of perceived social support between self-esteem and anxiety in patients with coronary heart disease

作　　者：于洋[1] 杨洋[2] 徐明图 秦泽盈 付聪 李敬阳[1] YU Yang;YANG Yang;XU Mingtu;QIN Zeying;FU Cong;LI Jingyang(Department of Mental Health,First Hospital,Jilin University,Changchun 130021,China;Department of Cardiovascular Medicine,First Hospital,Jilin University,Changchun 130021,China;Department of Social Medicine,School of Public Health,Jilin University,Changchun 130021,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学第一医院心理卫生科,吉林长春130021 [2]吉林大学第一医院心血管内科,吉林长春130021 [3]吉林大学公共卫生学院社会医学教研室,吉林长春130021

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（医学版）》2021年第1期216-221,共6页Journal of Jilin University：Medicine Edition

基　　金：吉林省教育厅社会科学规划项目(JJKH20190216SK)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨冠心病患者的焦虑情绪问题及相关影响因素,考察领悟社会支持在自尊与焦虑间的中介作用。方法:选择首次确诊入院的冠心病患者315例,采用一般资料调查表、焦虑筛查问卷、自尊量表和领悟社会支持量表进行心理测量及问卷调查,获得有效问卷305份。患者焦虑相关影响因素2组间和多组间比较采用t检验和单因素方差分析,患者自尊、领悟社会支持和焦虑的相关性采用Pearson相关分析,并采用逐步回归分析法进行中介效应检验。结果:冠心病患者中,女性的焦虑水平高于男性(t=9.664,P<0.01)。不同文化程度患者焦虑水平比较差异有统计学意义(F=3.146,P<<0.05),文盲患者焦虑水平最高。不同婚姻状况患者焦虑水平比较差异有统计学意义(F=9.113,P<0.01),丧偶患者焦虑水平最高。有睡眠障碍患者焦虑水平高于无睡眠障碍患者(t=19.961,P<0.01)。有嗜酒史患者焦虑水平高于无嗜酒史患者(t=10.462,P<0.01)。自尊与领悟社会支持呈正相关关系(r=0.251,P<0.01),自尊与焦虑呈负相关关系(r=-0.173,P<0.01),领悟社会支持与焦虑呈负相关关系(r=-0.187,P<0.01)。自尊可以直接预测焦虑(β=-0.224,P<0.01),领悟社会支持在自尊与焦虑之间起到部分中介作用(β=-0.224,P<0.01;β=-0.070,P<0.05)。结论:女性、文盲、丧偶、嗜酒和有睡眠障碍的冠心病患者焦虑情绪问题突出,低自尊和较差的领悟社会支持水平是焦虑情绪的预测因素,领悟社会支持在自尊与焦虑之间具有部分中介作用。Objective:To explore the anxiety and its related factors in the patients with coronary heart disease,and to investigate the mediating effect of perceived social support between self-esteem and anxiety.Methods:A total of 315 patients with coronary heart disease who were first admitted to hospital were investigated by using the basic information questionnaire,General Anxiety Disorder-7,Self-Esteem Scale and Perceived Social Support Scale in the study.A total of 305 valid questionnaires were obtained.The influencing factors related to anxiety of the patients were compared between two groups and multiple groups with the method of t-test and single factor analysis of variance.Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlations between self-esteem,perceived social support and anxiety.Stepwise regression analysis was used to test the mediating effect.Results:The anxiety level of female in the patients with coronary heart disease was higher than that of male(t=9.664,P<0.01).The anxiety levels of the patients with different education levels were statistically significant(F=3.146,P<0.05),and the anxiety level of the illiterate patients was the highest.The anxiety levels of the patients with different marital status were statistically significant(F=9.113,P<0.01),and the anxiety level of widowed patients was the highest.The anxiety level of the patients with sleep disorders was higher than that of the patients without sleep disorders(t=19.961,P<0.01).The anxiety level of the patients with alcohol addiction was higher than that of the patients without alcohol addiction(t=10.462,P<0.01).Self-esteem was positively correlated with perceived social support(r=0.251,P<0.01),self-esteem was negatively correlated with anxiety(r=-0.173,P<0.01),and perceived social support was negatively correlated with anxiety(r=-0.187,P<0.01).Self-esteem could directly predict anxiety(β=-0.224,P<0.01),and perceived social support played a partial mediating role between self-esteem and anxiety(β=-0.224,P<0.01;β=-0.070,P<0.05).Conclusion:Anxiet

关 键 词：冠心病 领悟社会支持 自尊 焦虑 中介作用 

分 类 号：R541.4[医药卫生—心血管疾病] R749.72[医药卫生—内科学]