弹性螺旋式覆土镇压器的设计与参数优化试验  

Design and Parameter Optimizing Test of Elastic Spiral Soil Covering Roller

作　　者：侯守印[1] 魏志鹏 史乃煜 纪文义[1] 邹震 Hou Shouyin;Wei Zhipeng;Shi Naiyu;Ji Wenyi;Zou Zhen(College of Engineering,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学工程学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《农机化研究》2021年第3期42-51,共10页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0201001);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(GARS–04);北方寒地现代农业装备技术重点实验室开放项目(KF18-05)。

摘　　要：针对2BMFJ系列原茬地免耕覆秸精量播种机春播作业时,触土工作部件表面土壤粘附量较大、搅乱土层问题,设计了一种具有主动输送土壤和克服粘附力的弹性螺旋式覆土镇压器。确定了弹性螺旋式覆土镇压轮的关键结构参数,应用四因素三水平正交试验法,以机具作业速度、螺距、垂直载荷和土壤含水率为试验因素,覆土厚度、土壤坚实度和土壤粘附量为评价指标,对影响覆土镇压器作业性能的结构与工作参数开展优化试验研究。结果表明:在作业速度8km/h、螺距25mm、垂直载荷600N、土壤含水率25%条件下,覆土厚度3.9cm,土壤坚实度40.3kPa,土壤粘附量0.35kg。该覆土镇压器在满足作物所需覆土厚度和镇压强度条件下,可有效减少土壤粘附量,为覆土镇压器设计与精准播种奠定基础。In order to solve the problem of large amount of soil adhesion on the surface of working parts of soil-touching parts of soil-covering compactor caused by factors such as soil moisture,environmental temperature,vibration intensity and physical and mechanical properties of contacting materials,a kind of elastic helix with initiative to overcome the adhesion force was designed for 2BMFJ no-tillage straw mulching precision seeder in spring sowing operation.Type earth cover compactor.The main structural parameters of the working parts of soil-covered compaction are determined by analyzing their structures.The method of four-factor and three-level orthogonal test is applied to determine the binding of the compactor by taking the operating speed,pitch,vertical load and soil moisture content as experimental factors,and taking the thickness of soil-covered,soil solidity and soil adhesion as evaluation indexes.The results show that the factors of pitch,vertical load and soil moisture content have significant influence on the evaluation index of soil cover thickness,and the order of primary and secondary is:soil moisture content>pitch>vertical load>operation speed;and the evaluation index of soil solidity,factor pitch and vertical load.Load and soil moisture content have a significant impact on the test results,the order of primary and secondary is:vertical load>pitch>soil moisture content>operation speed;for the evaluation index of soil adhesion,factor soil moisture content has a significant impact on the test results,factor operation speed and pitch have a significant impact on the test results,the order of primary and secondary is as follows:soil moisture>pitch>working speed>vertical load.The orthogonal test data were optimized with 8 km/h operation speed,25 mm pitch,600 N vertical load,25%soil moisture content,3.9 cm cover thickness,40.3kPa soil compactness and 0.35 kg soil adhesion.Under the condition of satisfying the required thickness and compressive strength of soil cover for crops,the soil adhesion can be effecti

关 键 词：覆土镇压 弹性螺旋 土壤粘附 正交试验 

分 类 号：S223.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S220.3[农业科学—农业工程]