蔬菜移栽机鸭嘴栽植器振动压实研究与试验  

Research and Test on Vibration Compaction of Duckbilled Planter of Vegetable Transplanter

作　　者：阳尚宏 宋磊 贾翔鹏 谢守勇[1,2] Yang Shanghong;Song Lei;Jia Xiangpeng;Xie Shouyong(College of Engineering and Technology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agriculture Equipment for Hilly and Mountainous Regions,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学工程技术学院,重庆400715 [2]丘陵山区农业装备重庆市重点实验室,重庆400715

出　　处：《农机化研究》2021年第3期201-206,214,共7页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：重庆市科委社会事业和民生保障科技创新专项重点研发计划项目(cstc2017shms-zdyfx0006);重庆市重点产业共性关键技术创新专项(cstc2015zdcy-ztzx8002)。

摘　　要：为解决在目前蔬菜移栽中鸭嘴栽植器入土时,由于土壤的压实度不够理想,苗穴易垮塌等问题,以土壤压实为研究对象,分析了振动压实机理,建立了土壤压实的动力学模型,通过偏心振动的方式设计了振动压实装置,振动频率通过调节电机转速来调节,振幅通过加减偏心块或者改变偏心块安装相位角来实现。针对试验用土进行了最佳压实含水率测定试验,在此含水率下通过多组试验测定了在不同振动频率、振幅、入土速度3个关键影响因素下的压实度。通过响应面法分析得出:振幅对于压实的影响最大,振动频率次之,入土速度影响最小,确定了在含水率27%、振动频率28Hz、振幅为1.35mm、入土速度为1500 mm/s下进行压实作业,此时在利于蔬菜生长的可压实度范围内取得最大的压实度值为64.73%,为蔬菜移栽机的研发提供了参考。In order to solve the problems of the duckbilled planter in the current vegetable transplanting,such as the degree of soil compaction is not ideal enough,the seedlings are easy to collapse and so on,this paper takes the soil compaction as the research object,analyzes the mechanism of vibration compaction,establishes the dynamic model of soil compaction,designs the vibration compaction device by the way of eccentric vibration,the vibration frequency is adjusted by adjusting the motor speed,and the amplitude is adjusted by adjusting the motor speed It can be realized by adding and subtracting the eccentric block or changing the installation phase angle of the eccentric block.For the test soil,the best compaction moisture content test is carried out.Under this moisture content,the degree of compaction under three key influencing factors of different vibration frequency,amplitude and speed of soil penetration is measured through multiple groups of tests.Through the analysis of response surface method,it is concluded that:amplitude has the greatest influence on compaction,followed by vibration frequency,and speed of soil penetration has the smallest influence,and the moisture content is 27%,vibration frequency is determined Under the condition of 28hz,1.35mm amplitude and 1500mm/s soil speed,the maximum value of compactness is 64.73%in the range of compactability which is conducive to the growth of vegetables.

关 键 词：蔬菜移栽 鸭嘴栽植器 振动 压实 响应面分析试验 

分 类 号：S223.94[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S220.3[农业科学—农业工程]