月球土壤的生物改良试验:固氮蓝藻对模拟月壤肥力的影响  

Bio-improving Experiment of Lunar Soil:Effect of Nitrogen-Fixing Cyanobacteria on Fertility of Simulated Lunar Soil

作　　者：秦利锋[1] 林启美[2] 薛彩荣 艾为党[1] Qin Lifeng;Lin Qimei;Xue Cairong;Ai Weidang(National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering,China Astronaut Research and Training Center,Beijing 100094,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]中国航天员科研训练中心人因工程重点实验室,北京100094 [2]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100094

出　　处：《航天医学与医学工程》2020年第6期497-503,共7页Space Medicine & Medical Engineering

基　　金：人因工程重点实验室自主课题(SYFD140051804)。

摘　　要：目的围绕未来月球基地受控生态生保系统就地开发利用月球土壤,以便有效提高系统自给能力。基于地球土壤生物风化原理,研究改良月壤肥力的生物途径。方法利用固氮蓝藻的固氮特性和溶岩特性,以鱼腥藻7120和水华鱼腥藻作为实验菌株,以低钛玄武质模拟月壤作为研究对象,通过模拟月壤中的氮、磷、钾肥力含量和矿质养分含量动态变化,开展为期50天的月壤肥力生物改良实验研究。结果实验过程中鱼腥藻7120和水华鱼腥藻在模拟月壤上的生物量随培养时间增加升高,2种蓝藻培养50天后,模拟月壤中的可溶性氮、总氮含量和有机碳含量显著增加,可溶性Cu、Mn和Mg矿质元素含量明显提高。结论2种固氮蓝藻能够在模拟月壤上正常生长,并能显著改良模拟月壤的氮肥、碳肥和矿质养分水平,研究结果可为未来月球基地基于月壤资源的植物栽培奠定技术基础。Objective With the development and utilization of lunar soil in the future lunar base can effectively improve the independence of the Controlled Ecological Life Support System(CELSS).The bioimproving of lunar soil fertility was investigated based on the earth bio-weathering principle for the application of lunar resources in CELSS.Methods Based on properties of nitrogen-fixing and rock-dissolving of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria,Anabaena sp.PCC 7120and Anabaena flos-aquae were used as the experimental strains and low titanium basaltic simulated lunar soil was used as lunar soil sample.Fifty days bio-improving experiments of simulated lunar soil were conducted and the dynamic changes of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium fertility content and mineral nutrient content in the lunar soil were evaluated.Results During 50days period,the biomass of Anabaena sp.PCC 7120and Anabaena flos-aquae increased significantly with the increase of culture time,and after 50days,the concentrations of soluble nitrogen,total nitrogen and organic carbon contained in simulated lunar soil increased significantly,while the contents of soluble Cu,Mn and Mg raised remarkably.Conclusion Both nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria could grow normally on the simulated lunar soil and the levels of nitrogen,carbon and mineral nutrients in the simulated lunar soil improved significantly.The results may lay a technical foundation for the research of the plant cultivation based on the lunar soil resources for future lunar base.

关 键 词：受控生态生保系统 月球土壤 固氮蓝藻 生物风化 

分 类 号：Q693[生物学—生物物理学]