生活垃圾污染感知、社会资本对农户垃圾分类水平的影响——基于陕西1374份农户调查数据  

Impact of domestic waste pollution perception and social capital on the farming households’sorting of waste:Based on the survey of 1374 farming households in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：贾亚娟 赵敏娟[1] JIA Yajuan;ZHAO Minjuan(College of Economics and Management,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;School of Management,Xi'an University of Finance and Economics,Xi'an 710100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学经济管理学院,杨凌712100 [2]西安财经大学管理学院,西安710100

出　　处：《资源科学》2020年第12期2370-2381,共12页Resources Science

基　　金：陕西省社科界2020年度重大理论与现实问题研究项目(2020Z009);陕西省社会科学基金项目(2018S15);教育部人文社科基金项目(20YJAZH011)。

摘　　要：农户是生活垃圾分类的源头主体,其分类水平的高低直接关系着农村生活垃圾分类治理的成效,关系着美丽乡村建设的成败。基于农户分类行为的微观数据,本文结合"个体层面"与"集体层面"因素,分析生活垃圾污染感知、社会资本对农户生活垃圾分类水平的影响机理,并运用Ordered Probit模型对陕西农村1374份农户调查数据进行了实证检验。结果表明:(1)"个体层面"的生活垃圾污染感知对农户分类水平具有明显提升作用,农户对生活垃圾在生态环境、社区环境以及身心健康方面产生的污染及影响感知越强,其生活垃圾分类水平越高;(2)"集体层面"社会资本中的社会网络、制度信任、社会参与及社会规范显著提升农户生活垃圾分类水平,但人际信任对其分类水平并无显著影响,说明社会交往频率较高、制度信任度较高、积极参与农村垃圾治理公共事宜以及认为村庄垃圾治理较好的农户,其分类水平较高;(3)女性的生活垃圾分类水平相较于男性更高一些,低收入家庭相对于高收入家庭的分类水平更高。因此,要实现生活垃圾可持续分类治理,全面建设生态宜居新农村,不仅要强化农户污染感知,而且需要构建良好的社区环境,通过网络沟通以及信息共享加强农户交往频率、提高农户的制度信任度以及公共事务参与度、强化社区约束机制,提升农户生活垃圾分类水平。Farming households are the main agents of rural domestic waste sorting.Their level of sorting directly relates to the effectiveness of rural domestic waste sorting and the success or failure of beautiful countryside construction.Based on the micro-data of farmers’waste sorting behavior,this study combined individual level and collective level factors to analyze the influencing mechanism of farmers’domestic waste pollution perception and social capital on waste sorting,and used the ordered probit model to conduct an empirical test on the data from the survey of 1374 farming households in the rural areas of Shaanxi Province.The results show that the pollution perception of domestic waste at the individual level played obvious roles in improving waste sorting the stronger the farmers’perceive the pollution and impacts caused by randomly stacked and unsorted domestic waste on the ecological environment,community environment,and physical and mental health,the higher the waste sorting levels.Social networks,trust on institutions,social participation,and social norms as social capital at the collective level had significant positive impacts on waste sorting,but interpersonal trust had no significant effect on the level of sorting,which indicates that the farmers who had higher frequency of social interactions,higher degree of trust in institutions,more active participation in the public affair of rural waste management,and believed that village waste management is satisfactory tend to exhibit a higher level of domestic waste sorting behavior.In addition,females had higher levels of domestic waste sorting than males,and low-income families had higher levels of waste sorting than high-income families.Therefore,to achieve sustainable sorting and treatment of rural domestic waste and the comprehensive construction of an ecologically livable new countryside,we need not only to promote waste sorting by strengthening farmers’pollution perception,but also to build a good community environment.Through network communicati

关 键 词：农村生活垃圾 农户垃圾分类水平 生活垃圾污染感知 社会资本 Ordered Probit模型 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]