低温环境下复杂冰形快速三维测量技术  

Fast 3D measurement technology of complex ice shape in low temperature environment

作　　者：柳庆林[1] 倪章松[1] 张平涛[1] 张攀 钟凯[2] LIU Qinglin;NI Zhangsong;ZHANG PingTao;ZHANG Pan;ZHONG Kai(Key Laboratory of Icing and Anti/De-icing,China Aerodynamics Research and Devolopment Center,Mianyang 621000,China;State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die&Mould Technology,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中国空气动力研究与发展中心,结冰与防除冰重点实验室,四川绵阳621000 [2]华中科技大学材料学院,材料成形与模具技术国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《光学技术》2020年第6期641-646,共6页Optical Technique

基　　金：飞行器结冰与防除冰重点实验室(AIADL)开放基金(AIADL20180203)。

摘　　要：获取低温结冰风洞试验中模型表面的冰形三维数据,有利于分析结冰对模型气动力特性的影响,为优化模型的防除冰设计提供依据。由于低温结冰风洞现场的低温环境,现有视觉测量法的核心部件难以稳定工作,而且试验结束后,风洞现场温度将升高,有效测量时间短,因此冰形测量面临巨大挑战。为此,设计了一种热平衡与外部保温相复合的低温防护系统,保证设备内核心器件工作在适宜的温度;提出了一种投影加速与低温防护相复合的冰形快速三维测量方法,通过光源和微镜的配合共同完成两个阶段曝光实现灰度复合,减少测量时单次投影图像的总周期数,从而提升整体测量效率。实验结果证明,可实现-20℃低温环境下冰形的稳定快速三维测量。Obtaining three-dimensional ice shape data on the surface of the model in a low-temperature icing wind tunnel test is beneficial to analyze the effect of icing on the aerodynamic characteristics of the model and provides a basis for optimizing the model’s anti-icing design. Due to the low-temperature environment of the low-temperature icing wind tunnel site, the core components of the existing visual measurement methods are difficult to work stably, and after the test, the temperature of the wind tunnel site will rise and the effective measurement time will be short. Therefore, ice shape measurement is facing great challenges. To this end, a low temperature protection system combined with thermal balance and external insulation was first designed to ensure that the core components in the equipment work at an appropriate temperature. Based on this, an ice type combining projection acceleration and low temperature protection was proposed. The fast three-dimensional measurement method, through the cooperation of the light source and the micromirror, to complete the two-stage exposure to achieve gray-scale recombination, which reduces the total flip period of the micromirror when projecting the image and improves the measurement speed. The experimental results prove that this method can realize stable and fast three-dimensional measurement of ice shape under the low temperature environment of-20℃.

关 键 词：光学测量 面结构光 冰形测量 单幅图像三维重建 

分 类 号：TG806[金属学及工艺—公差测量技术] V211.752[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]