地区质量声誉与农产品出口质量——兼议企业“搭便车”问题  

Regional Quality Reputation and Export Quality of Agricultural Products: Concurrently Discussing the Issue of ‘Free Riding’ by Enterprises

作　　者：董银果[1] 高小龙 Dong Yinguo;Gao Xiaolong

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学商学院

出　　处：《宏观经济研究》2020年第12期84-97,共14页Macroeconomics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“SPS措施与农产品质量升级的耦合机制研究”(项目编号:71673087);“农产品SPS适度保护水平的形成机理与应用策略”(项目编号:71373154);“产业动态视角下贸易政策和产业政策的协调机制与中国实践”(项目编号:71573171);上海市浦江学者基金项目“农产品进口与中国SPS保护水平研究”(项目编号:15PJC048)的资助。

摘　　要：在质量信息不对称背景下,本文基于2000—2013年海关6分位数据,以本地区企业出口同类农产品的上期平均质量作为农产品地区质量声誉的代理变量,深入探讨了地区质量声誉对农产品出口质量的影响机理。研究结果表明,地区质量声誉对农产品出口质量会产生显著的正向促进作用,表明本地区农产品出口企业间的竞争和技术溢出效应促进了彼此的质量提升;针对不同所有制企业样本进行检验,发现对于外资企业而言,地区质量声誉对农产品出口质量的促进作用最大,集体企业次之,私营企业最小。之后,本文进一步探寻了农产品出口企业发生"搭便车"行为的可能性,针对出口规模占比进行划分,研究发现出口规模越小的企业更容易发生"搭便车"行为,且该行为并非长久存在,一般发生在出口的第3~4年。In the context of asymmetry in quality information, this paper uses six quartile of customs data from 2000 to 2013 and taking the average quality of the same agricultural products exported from the local enterprises in the previous period as the proxy variable of the regional quality reputation of agricultural products, the mechanism of the influence of regional quality reputation on the export quality of agricultural products is deeply discussed. The research results show that regional quality reputation will have a significant positive effect on the export quality of agricultural products, indicating that the competition and technology spillover effects among agricultural export enterprises in the region have promoted each other’s quality improvement;As far as foreign-owned enterprises are concerned, regional quality reputation plays the most important role in promoting the export quality of agricultural products, followed by collective enterprises and private enterprises the smallest. After that, this paper further explored the possibility of ‘free-riding’ behavior of agricultural export companies. According to the division of the export scale, the study finds that the smaller the export scale, the more prone to ‘free-riding’ behavior, and this behavior does not exist for a long time, generally occurs in the third to fourth years of export.

关 键 词：地区质量声誉 农产品出口质量 搭便车 

分 类 号：F752.62[经济管理—国际贸易] F323.7[经济管理—产业经济]