氢气对噪声性聋的有效防护时间及机制研究  

Duration and Mechanism of Hydrogen Protection against Noise Induced Hearing Loss

作　　者：石磊[1] 于宁[1] 秦含黛 蒋晴晴 朱玉华[1] 孙勍[1] 郭维维[1] 杨仕明[1] SHI Lei;YU Ning;QIN Handai;JIANG Qingqing;ZHU Yuhua;SUN Qing;GUO Weiwei;YANG Shiming(College of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100853,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军总医院耳鼻喉头颈外科学部,北京100853

出　　处：《中华耳科学杂志》2021年第1期66-70,共5页Chinese Journal of Otology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大国际合作项目(81820108009);国家重点研发项目(2020YFC2004001)。

摘　　要：目的近年研究表明氢气对噪声性聋具有良好的预防作用,但其对噪声性聋预防作用持续时间尚不明确,本实验通过建立豚鼠噪声性聋模型探索氢气预防作用持续时间及防护机制。方法选用听力正常的豚鼠30只,随机等分为氢气组和噪声组,氢气组在首次脉冲噪声暴露前给予1h氢气吸入,两组动物随后每隔两小时重复施加脉冲噪声(峰值声强为163dB SPL);实验动物每次暴露后即刻行ABR测听,重复相同剂量脉冲声直至ABR听阈≥90dB。所有实验动物在噪声暴露结束后1天、3天、7天、14天行ABR测听,结束后处死动物,取材观察透射电镜及病理组织染色。结果噪声组动物在噪声暴露2h(即2×8次脉冲暴露)后监测听力,半数致聋(听阈≥90 dB SPL);氢气组,此时间推迟至4h左右且基底膜Myosin-7a荧光强度高于噪声组,底回外毛细胞丢失数量少于噪声组(P=0.03<0.05);氢气组豚鼠耳蜗底回基底膜带状突触数量减少但仍高于噪声组(P=0.65>0.05);透射电镜观察氢气组豚鼠半结形态好于噪声组。结论给予1次氢气预防的有效持续时间为2-4h,氢气对脉冲声造成的内耳毛细胞、突触、半节损伤均具有一定的保护效果。Objective Recent studies have shown that hydrogen has a preventive effect against Noise-Induced hearing loss(NIHL),although the duration of this effect is not clear.This study,using a guinea pig model of NIHL,was aimed to study the duration and mechanisms of hydrogen protection against NIHL.Methods Thirty guinea pigs were randomly selected to be exposed to pulse noise with or without hydrogen treatment.All animals were exposed to pulse noise at 163 dB SPL every two hours.Animals in the hydrogen treatment group was given 1 hour hydrogen inhalation before the first exposure.Auditory brainstem response(ABR)thresholds were obtained immediately after each exposure.Pulse noise exposure was repeated until ABR thresholds reached≥90 dB SPL.ABR thresholds at 1 day、3 days、7 days and 14 days after noise exposure were also recorded.Animals were sacrificed on Day 14 for histological and transmission electron microscopy studies.Results Half of the animals without hydrogen treatment were deaf(ABR thresholds≥90 dB SPL)after 2 hours of noise exposure(2×8 pulses),while it took 4 hours for half of animals with hydrogen treatment to be deaf.Animals without hydrogen treatment showed higher fluorescence intensity of myosin-7a in the basilar membrane and greater number of outer hair cells loss in the basal turn than animals with hydrogen treatment(P<0.05).Animals with hydrogen treatment also had higher number of ribbon synapses in the basilar turn than those without hydrogen treatment(despite slight decrease)with better preserved heminodes morphology.Conclusion The duration of hydrogen’s protective effects against NIHL appears to be 2-4 hours,covering hair cells,synapses and heminodes.

关 键 词：噪声性听力损失 脉冲噪声 氢气 有效防治时间 

分 类 号：R764[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]